High density/high stiffness floor standing platform with anchor design. Capable of performing various standard and customized tests according to international standards (ASTM/DIN/ISO). Accommodates interchangeable modules for easy change of test configuration. Options for Integrating 3D optical surface profilometer, Raman etc.
The MFT-5000 is based on the principle of modules. We divide the modules into different types:
The Load Cells: It applies the load and reads the friction force, which can, in turn give us the friction coefficient.
The Functional Modules: Also called drives, have a motor that applies a movement to a sample. This movement is necessary for friction testing.
The Sensors: They give information relevant to the test: temperature,displacement, and conductivity.
MFT-5000 Technical Specification
Max. loading force up to 10000 N
Z travel distance up to 150 mm, encoder resolution: 0.1 um Servo-controlled loading, fully programmable Travel Speed: 0.002-5 mm/s In-situ wear-depth monitoring
Off center loads up to 5000 N (rotary drive etc.)
Long X-Y motorized sample stage travel. Medium and low speed linear reciprocating motion.
MFT-5000 Dimensions
Its weight varies based on the options installed and starts at around 295 kg. The optional vent port for external ventilation from the top of the tester has dimensions of 12.7cm (5”).
frame of instrument
X&Y motorized stage : 130 mm x 270 mm
Z-motorized stage: 150 mm
Z2-motorized stage: 150 mm (optional)
X&Y motorized Stage Overview
Outer enclosure, EMO switch, exhaust fan Automatic recognition of installed modules and drives.
The base plate is a platform equipped with two X-Y motorized stage allowing it to move horizontally. The Z-motorized stage allows to apply the normal force, Fz, with the instrument.
The two X-Y motorized stage, i.e displacement tables, are controlled by different modes:
joystick, software with positioning control or video image with the optional optical microscope.
The X-Y motorized stage is setup at a low speed for safety reasons. But careful and attention must be taken when operating the instrument.
The X-Y motorized stage have been set at low speed (5 mm/sec) on the standard instrument (other speeds: maximum speed 50 mm/sec on special request only). The stage is moving laterally at a low speed for safety reasons.
⚠️
Watch out getting your fingers or any personal stuff stuck while the base plate is moving.
X&Y motorized Specification
X Linear Reciprocating Drive : Speed 0.001-6 mm/s; max travel: 130 mm
Y Linear Reciprocating Drive : Speed 0.001-50 mm/s, max travel: 270mm
(Y motor changed to higher torque motor with maximum 6 mm/s speed when some high torque test modules are selected)
XY Stage Speed or Torque Variation
SPN010021
XY Stage Speed Change
Replaces default XY stage motor - X 6mm/s and Y 50mms speed with selected motors in this section. X 10 mm/s, Y 50 mm/
ㅤ
ㅤ
ㅤ
Tester’s Plate
The serial number and manufacturing dates are located on the front of the machine, behind the door:
Thermo-controller
DAQ Box and Analog Input
Safety
Risks
Foreseeable misuse
Misuse can result in serious injury and damage to the tool. Foreseeable misuse includes, for example:
Any use of the tool other than that for which it is intended or any use other than that for which it is intended.
Operating the tool in non-compliant and potentially explosive environments.
Operating the tool without the intended safety devices or with defective safety devices.
Modifying or disabling the safety devices.
Programming the machine with values out of the specified range.
Failure to observe the operating instructions.
Installing software that is not approved by the tool manufacturer.
Carrying out maintenance work on an unsecured tool.
Placing objects on work surfaces.
The installation of spare parts and the use of accessories and equipment that are not approved by the manufacturer.
Making structural changes to the tool without the consent of the tool manufacturer and subsequent risk assessment.
Failure to observe the maintenance instructions.
Failure to observe signs of wear and damage.
Service work performed by untrained or unauthorized personnel.
Deliberate, unintentional, or reckless handling of the tool during operation.
Operation of the tool in an obviously faulty condition.
The use of external energy sources that are not approved by the tool manufacturer.
Permissible Aids and Operating Materials
The following auxiliary and operating materials may be used on the tool:
Isopropanol
Latex gloves
The recommended cleaning agent is isopropanol. Isopropanol is a flammable solvent and must be used in compliance with the safety data sheet. Restrictions may apply in relation to environmental regulations concerning the total quantity of permissible solvents. Suitable precautionary measures must be taken in the storage, usage, and disposal of these chemicals, which should be treated as hazardous substances.
Ensure that repairs are carried out in a timely manner.
All work on live parts of the electrical installation must only be carried out when the tool is de-energized.
Only allow protective covers on the tool or tool parts to be opened by qualified electricians, when the tool is de-energized.
The machine can be switched OFF by operating the ON/OFF switch on the back of the machine.
Note: Before accessing any electrical box, please make sure to follow LOCKOUT protocol as mentioned in maintenance manual.
Danger from Heavy Loads
The weight of the tool and some tool components exceeds the permissible load capacity for one person.
Two people are required to transport the UP-3000 unit.
Mechanical assistance (e.g. a forklift) can be of use to move the machine.
In the event that the machine needs to be displaced from the place of installation, contact Customer Service.
Emergency Switch (EMO)
To stop the equipment in an emergency situation, press the emergency stop button.
Figure 5: Image of the EMO button
Once the emergency stop button has been activated, the equipment cannot be restarted until the emergency stop button has been released. This is done by twisting the knob to the operational position.
Warning: Please make sure that the reason for EMO activation is resolved before releasing the emergency stop button.
Temperature Controller Switch
The Temperature Controller is located in the lower part of the MFT-5000 platform, on the left side of the tester. The GFCI switch trip is located at the back of the Temperature Controller. This switch turns on or off the Temperature Controller.
Figure 6: Image of the switch at the back of the temperature controller
Warning: In the event that the temperature controller box is trip/faulted (GFCI switch), please contact Rtec-Instruments Support service before trying the chamber
again.
Note: In the event that the temperature controller box has to be opened, follow the LOCKOUT protocol as mentioned in the maintenance part of this manual.
Protective Equipment
Protective equipment increases the level of safety and protects Operators from potential health risks. The Operators must wear protective equipment when performing work on or with the tool. The tool Operator must have the following protective equipment at their disposal:
Safety Goggles – Not Mandatory
Safety goggles protect the eyes from flying debris, splashes of media, and lasers. Corrective safety goggles must be adapted to the wearer's visual impairments. Safety goggles are not mandatory, as the machine can be operated solely when the chamber is closed.
Safety Gloves
Media-resistant protective gloves protect hands against aggressive media, mechanical, and thermal hazards. Their use depends on the application requirements.
Respiratory Protection – Not Mandatory
Respiratory masks have particle filters or gas filters and protect Operators from inhaling dangerous substances. Combination filters consist of a gas and particle filter. Its use is not mandatory, as it depends on the materials being tested.
Safety Shoes – Not Mandatory
Safety shoes protect the front part of the feet with a protective metal cap and a puncture- resistant and skid-proof sole made of antistatic, acid-resistant, and oil-resistant material. Their use is not mandatory but according to local regulations.
Responsibility of the Tool Operator
The tool is used in the commercial sector. Therefore, the operator is subject to the local statutory obligations for occupational safety. In addition to the safety instructions in these operating instructions, the operator must comply with the safety, accident prevention and environmental protection regulations applicable for the field of use of the tool. Ensure the following points:
The responsible employees obtain information on the applicable occupational, health,and safety regulations and prepare a risk assessment to determine additional hazards resulting from the specific working conditions at the tool's place of use. These assessments must be implemented in the form of operating instructions.
Do not allow any changes or modifications without the written consent of RTEC Instruments Inc.
Replace defective components and worn parts of the tool immediately with original spare parts.
Do not allow the operation of the tool without covers or with locks disabled.
Maintenance and repair work may only be carried out by qualified personnel.
Ensure that all employees who handle the tool have access to the operating instructions provided and other applicable documents at all times. Furthermore, ensure that the instructions contained therein are consistently followed.
Ensure all employees who handle the tool are adequately trained for its operation, according to specifications from RTEC Instruments Inc.
Do not remove, alter, or obscure warning signs located on or within the tool, or in any way change their content or legibility.
Do not attach additional signs or make other additions or modifications that detract from the observance of warning signs or plaques placed by RTEC Instruments Inc.
Other Electrical Risks
Work on electrical tools, components, and electrical connections of the tool may only be carried out by qualified electricians.
If an electrical problem occurs, turn off the tool and call a qualified electrician immediately.
When the isolation is damaged, interrupt the power supply.
Other Mechanical Risks
Mechanical risks are identified on the tool by means of safety labels in the close proximity to the point of hazard.
The tool has moving parts (X, Y, and Z actuators) that may catch on foreign objects such as loose clothing, accessories, fingers, hands, and hair.
Do not reach towards moving parts of the tool when the tests are being carried out.
Other Thermic Risks
Optional items of the instrument include high-temperature chambers. The heating system is protected inside the chamber and the external black part of the chamber is kept at a low temperature. But in reason of heating, safety measures must be maintained.
Warning: Do not put your hands on the heating chamber while heating the chamber or chamber is still hot inside.
Note: When the heating is stopped, keep hardware and software of instrument opened in order to maintain the cooling fans blowing air for better and faster cooling.
Other Risks
Risk of death due to faulty or dismantled safety devices.
Severe injuries or death due to individual tool components tipping, sliding, or falling during improper transportation.
Danger of death by electrocution.
Risk of crushing, impact, and shock due to falling tools, tool components, and assembly equipment.
Health hazards due to the improper handling of auxiliary and operating materials (e.g. cleaning agents).
Risk of collision with tool components.
Unforeseeable injuries and property damage due to moving parts within the tool.
Failure to observe the hazards may result in serious injury, including death, or pose other health risks.
Risk Assessment Analysis
The Risk Assessment Analysis has been performed in the CE Mark safety and code conformity report for the Multifunction Tribometer Report #2019-0535 CE Mark. The details of the report indicates the full Risk Assessment Analysis. In case of needs of this document, please consult Rtec-Instruments for a copy of the document. As an easy indication of information, some basics of the operating of the instruments are indicated here and provide an easy overview of the steps to be cautious.
Collision with X,Y,Z-motorized tables X,Y,Z-motorized tables are setup at low speed for safety reasons but precaution must be taken when the system is operated.
Collision of the upper sample holder with lower stage The MFT software has safety features to stop the displacement when the maximum load has been reached. The joystick allows to operate the X,Y,Z-motion when the software is closed, In that particular case, the safety of the maximum load of the load cell is not active. Position of the Z-motion must be watched.
Collision with the 3D Profilometer The optical objectives must be maintained at a higher position than the sample surface.
Heating chamber Optional items of the instrument include high temperature chambers. The heating system is protected inside the chamber and the external black part of the chamber is kept at a low temperature. But in reason of heating, safety measures must be maintained. Do not put your hands on the heating chamber while heating the chamber or chamber is still hot inside. When the heating is stopped, keep hardware and software of instrument opened in order to maintain the cooling fans blowing air for better and faster cooling. The external parts of the heating chamber are maintained at a low temperature but caution must be taken when touching the heating chambers.
Commissioning & Installation
Unpacking the main unit
Cut the straps, keep in mind that the straps may have sharp edges.
Unscrew screws (3), fixing the side and the rear walls of the crate to the bottom.
Open the latches (4) by turning the handles (5)
Open the front wall of the crate and put it down in order to make a ramp. (6) Remove the three foamsafety bumps held by Velcro patches.
Take off the bottom platform from the rest of the body (7) and move it back. Cut and remove the metallized mylar bag and plastic wrap.
⚠️
Be careful not to scratch the outer housing of the tribometer.
Unscrew the screws (8) and remove the fixing brackets (9).
Unscrew the nuts (10) in order to move it all the way down until it touches down the base part (11). The tribometer shall lower down and stay on the casters
Carefully roll the tribometer down the ramp while supporting it and move the system to the installation location.
After unpacking the unit, check it for compliance and for any damages that may have occurred during shipment.
Place the pads (12) under the 4 feet prior to the position, to reduce the vibration.
When on the final installation location, screw nuts (10) all the way up in order for the tribometer to be standing with its leveling feet (11) on the basement and not on the casters.
Adjust the tribometer horizontally using the inclinometer (13) given and the nuts (10).
Finally, screw both nuts (10) against each other in order to fix them and stop them from moving.
Plug in the USB’s to the computer (USB cables have numbers that match the number on the computer ports).
Connect the tool and the computer to voltage as instructed in the facility requirement document.
Turn on the computer and power on the testers (both switches)
Use the joy stick to manually move XYZ stages
Press EMO button to check its operation.
Rtec Software MFT shortcut is on the desktop of computer supplied.
Overview
This guide walks you through the installation process of the module on an Rtec-Instruments system. It includes mechanical mounting, alignment and electrical connections. Follow all safety precautions and ensure the tester is powered off before beginning.
Hardware Step-by-Step
Load Cell Installation
Low Load Argon
Required Tools and Components
Components:
Low load argon load cell
Suspension holder
Low load suspension
Ball holder
Screws and Hardware:
Allen key: 5/64”, 7/64”, 3/32”
Mounting the Argon Sensor on MFT-2000
Install the load cell on the fast-exchange attachment by fastening the 4 captive screws using a 5/32" Allen wrench.
The narrow side of the fast exchange plate’s should point to the left of the front load cell as this side will fit into the back of the sliding support.
The front of the load cell is the face showing the Rtec logo and the unit calibration sticker.
(Optional) With Extension block:
(Optional) You can also use an extension block to reduce the distance between the load cell and the lower setup.
2" (left) and 4" extensions (right)
Mount the block extension on the exchange plate with 4 4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Then the adaptor plate mounted on the extension block with 4 x 10-32 x .625” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Install the load cell on the fast-exchange attachment by fastening the 4 captive screws using a 5/32" Allen wrench.
The narrow side of the fast exchange plate’s should point to the left of the front load cell as this side will fit into the back of the sliding support.
The front of the load cell is the face showing the Rtec logo and the unit calibration sticker.
Ball holder and suspension installation
Secure the suspension holder with the 4 screws using 5/64” Allen Key.
The labeled force represents the suspension capability, not the nominal operating force.
The suspension must operate within this specified range. Exceeding this limit will lead to ineffective suspension operation.
Fix the suspension then secure it by tightening the side screw using 7/64” Allen key.
⚠️
Be careful not to overload the load cell while inserting the suspension.
You can install the suspension into the holder first before installing the holder on the load cell.
Or, as shown, you may insert a thin Allen key into the clamping gap during insertion to allow the part to slide in effortlessly.
Install or replace the ball from the ball holder, then hand-tighten the nut or using a wrench (optional).
Secure the ball holder once slide into the suspension by tightening the side screw using 3/32” Allen key.
⚠️
The ball holder must not touch the suspension base to ensure proper suspension operation.
It is possible to use a ball holder extension to reduce the Z distance to the sample in certain testing configurations.
Please contact Rtec Service for this specific matter.
Installing the Argon (MFT-2000)
Slide in the load cell into the Z stage rack.
Make sure the 4 screws above the rack are removed. Slide the load cell with its front facing you and the connector on the right.
Fasten the 4 securing screws by hands.
Connect the ribbon cable. The connector only fit one way.
Medium Load Argon
Introduction
This manual applies to the following tester
MFT-5000
MFT-2000
MFT-2000 A
SMT-5000
This type of Load Cell is composed of a singular part, which makes it easier to use. Inside this Load Cell are two piezo sensors, one measuring Fz and the other measuring Fx.
In this example of standard assembly, you can see on the front side of the 200N load cell a sticker which is the calibration unit of each axis force, fz and fx, necessary to read correct value based on those reference value.
The 100N suspension assembled on it is used to limit the vibration induced by the sample during testing. There are several variations of suspensions depending on the maximum load it can be effective on.
Exemple of holder into their suspensions:
Required Tools and Components
Components:
Argon Load Cell
Argon Adapter Plate
Argon Quick Exchange
Slip Sleeve
Ball Holder Plate MM002059-00
Ball Holder
Optional Components: o Extension Block o Suspension Plate
Screws and Hardware:
(4x) 10-32 Screws - BM310612
(4x) 10-32 Screws - BM310320-5 SHCS 10-32 X .375" LG PLAIN 18-8 SST
(4x) ¼ inch button head screws
(4x) 8-32 Screws
Allen wrenches: 5/32", 9/64”
Mounting the Argon Sensor on MFT-5000
In most cases, the Argon adapter plate will already be installed. However, if installation is required, follow these steps:
Mount the adaptor plate plate directly to the Quick Exchange base using the provided 4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long screws using 5/32” Allen wrench.
(Optional) Using the extension Block
(Optional) You can also use an extension block to reduce the distance between the load cell and the lower setup.
2" (left) and 4" extensions (right)
Without extension block (left) and with extension block (right)
Mount the block extension on the exchange plate with 4 4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Then the adaptor plate mounted on the extension block with 4 x 10-32 x .625” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Install the load cell on the fast-exchange attachment by fastening the 4 captive screws using a 5/32" Allen wrench.
Align the sensor so that the ribbon cable port is on the right-hand side when viewed from the front.
This ensures correct orientation in relation to the rear alignment features of the Quick Exchange.
Mounting the Argon Sensor on MFT-2000
Install the load cell on the fast-exchange attachment by fastening the 4 captive screws using a 5/32" Allen wrench.
The narrow side of the fast exchange plate’s should point to the left of the front load cell as this side will fit into the back of the sliding support.
The front of the load cell is the face showing the Rtec logo and the unit calibration sticker.
(Optional) With Extension block:
(Optional) You can also use an extension block to reduce the distance between the load cell and the lower setup.
2" (left) and 4" extensions (right)
Mount the block extension on the exchange plate with 4 4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Then the adaptor plate mounted on the extension block with 4 x 10-32 x .625” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Install the load cell on the fast-exchange attachment by fastening the 4 captive screws using a 5/32" Allen wrench.
The narrow side of the fast exchange plate’s should point to the left of the front load cell as this side will fit into the back of the sliding support.
The front of the load cell is the face showing the Rtec logo and the unit calibration sticker.
Mounting the suspension
Choosing the right suspension purchased
A suspension is used to limit the vibration induced by the sample during testing.
There are several variations of suspensions depending on the maximum load it can be effective on.
It is recommended to select a suspension system with the closest higher load rating to the expected load.
Example
For a test at 30N, you would need to use the 50N suspension. By doing so, you will mitigate the vibrations the most.
If you work at 48N it would be better to use a 100N suspension as the 50N suspension would not work for vibrations above 2N.
Medium to High Suspension List
Low Range Suspensions
Range and Components
SPN Number
0.5N suspension L shape
SPN14015-508
1N suspension L shape
SPN14015-509
5N suspension L shape
SPN14015-510
10N suspension L shape
SPN14015-511
Low load sensor clamp Aluminum
SPN14039-512
Low load sensor clamp Steel
SPN14039-513
The labeled force represents the suspension capability, not the nominal operating force. The suspension must be used within this specified range and exceeding this limit will lead to ineffective suspension operation.
Mount the suspension between the Argon Sensor and the Ball Holder Plate by tightening the 2 captive screws using 9/64” Allen key.
The label of the suspension should face the same direction as the load cell sticker.
Pin/Ball holder preparation
The ball holder along with the provided collet can also accommodate circular pins.
Loosen the nut to free the ball.
Insert the adjusting pin into the holder, then the ball. Provided for standard test: Ball, .250" (1/4") (6.350mm) Dia E52100 100Cr6 grade 25 Alloy Steel.
Hold the holder vertically, so the ball is resting on the pin. Using a 1/8" Allen key, fasten the screw inside the holder to slightly push the ball.
Once the ball is retracted enough, fasten the nut to secure it.
ℹ️
For preliminary testing: The ball may be reused by rotating it to expose a unworn contact surface. For final measurements: It is recommended to employ a new ball for each test to ensure accuracy and reproducibility.
Extension holder
ℹ️
Use the extension only in particular cases where the ball holder cannot reach the sample.
Increasing the ball holder length can negatively affect test results, especially in reciprocating tests. Whenever possible, use the load cell extension block instead.
(to reduce the distance towards the sample)
Universal Ball holder Overivew
1. Test Ball or Pin
Rtec balls catalog
E52100 Alloy Steel / HRC60
304 SSt / HRC25
440C SSt / HRC58
WC Tungsten Carbide / HRC75
SiN Silicon Nitride
Nonporous Alumina Ceramic balls
PTFE
Available Ball size :
1.6mm
3.9mm
6.3mm
9.5mm
12.7mm
Upper Sample Holder for Chamber
1200° Chamber
Upper Sample Holder for 1200℃ Chamber
Part no.
Ball Holder 9.5 mm ( 3/8")
SPN03U008H
Ball and Pin Holder 6.35 mm ( 1/4")
SPN03U008-1H
Ball Holder 3.175 mm ( 1/8")
SPN03U008-2H
Ball Holder 1.6 mm ( 1/16")
SPN03U008-3H
1000° Chamber
Upper Sample Holder for 1000℃ Chamber
Part no.
0.5 inch ball
SPN030060-55
0.375 inch ball
SPN030060-54
0.25 inch ball
SPN030060-53
3 mm ball
SPN030060-56
6mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-462
6.3mm diameter cylinder
SPN13108
9.5mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-463
12.7mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-464
15mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-465
2 . Nut
3. ER11 Collet
General metric range avalaible: from 1 mm to 7 mm (0.5 mm increments)
Each collet has a clamping range of 0.5 mm ex: an ER11-3 mm collet can also clamp pins/balls with a 2.5-3.5 mm diameter.
4. Adjusting pin
This pin enables ball position adjustment within the collet.
5. Ball Holder
Holder Specification MSC 81197253
Collet Series
ER11
Shank Type
Straight
Through Coolant
No
Shank Diameter (Inch)
5/8
Minimum Collet Capacity (Decimal Inch)
0.0190
Maximum Collet Capacity (Decimal Inch)
0.2760
Overall Length (Inch)
3-1/2
Overall Length (Decimal Inch)
3.5
Actuator Type
Wrench
Shank Length (Decimal Inch)
3.0300
Collet Nut Diameter (Decimal Inch)
0.6200
6. Extension
ℹ️
For additional information or to place an order, please contact Rtec Support (contact information provided at the end of this manual).
Self-Adjusting Block holder preparation
ℹ️
The self-leveling block holder will ensure proper contact during the test.
Firstly ,loosen the 2 tightening screws using /16” Allen key.
Use four 1/4” button head screws to secure the assembly to the load cell and tighten using a 5/32” Allen wrench. Then Insert the slip sleeve into the sensor mount.
Place the ball holder into the slip sleeve.
Mount the Ball Holder onto the suspension in the same manner as onto the load cell using a 9/64” Allen wrench.
Montage with suspension
Montage without suspension
⚠️
It is recommended to install the ball holder as far as possible into the suspension while making sure that it does not hit the load cell when the suspension is fully compressed.
Installing the Argon (MFT-5000)
Lower the Z-Axis all the way down using the jogbox.
To create clearance, move the Y-stage.
Before installing the load cell
Lower the Z-Axis all the way down using the jogbox, to have access to the attachement.
Ensure the Y-stage is moved sufficiently backward to avoid obstruction. Although unlikely to cause damage, improper placement may interfere with installation.
Animated instructions
Slide the sensor assembly with the Quick Exchange into the MFT-5000 Quick Exchange Dock
Ensure first that the locking wings are forward.
The front of the load cell (Rtec logo and sticker) is facing you.
Lift the Argon Assembly up while tightening the Quick Exchange locks outward
Always hold the sensor by its sides to avoid applying force on the sensors.
Make sure the assembly is firmly wedged up with no vertical play.
Connect the ribbon cable to the Argon Load Sensor.
The connector only fit one way.
Installing the Argon (MFT-2000)
Slide in the load cell into the Z stage rack.
Make sure the 4 screws above the rack are removed. Slide the load cell with its front facing you and the connector on the right.
Fasten the 4 securing screws by hands.
Connect the ribbon cable. The connector only fit one way.
1D+1D Arm kit : suspensions, insulator sleeve, slit sleeve, top cap, adaptor, insulator cap, mounting screw
Universal holder
Screws and Hardware:
(4x) 1.125 in Screws and Washers
Allen wrenches: 5/64", 3/16”
Introduction
This type of Load Cell is composed of 2 different parts, each one responsible for one axis of force.
One arm with a piezo sensor will measure the friction force along Fx, while Fz will be applied and recorded by another component.
Arm montage (if dismounted)
The Fx sensor should come pre-built. However, if you need to build it, follow the following steps:
Firstly, attach the horizontal arm to the vertical arm. Screw the shoulder screw from the bottom hole with FHSHS 6-32 x .750” BM310271-08
There are 2 types of horizontal arms. The longer version is mostly used with environmental chambers. You need to select the arm depending on how long you want the ball holder to be.
Fix the capacitive sensor to the vertical arm with 2 x 8-32 x .875” BM310290-11.
The sensor face with the threaded insert.
Attach the friction arm to the pivot base with 8-32 x .375” BM310280-05 with a 9/64 » allen key.
⚠️
Please refer to the 3 threads of the base which must point downward to ensure proper angular movement of the pivot base.
Mounting the Fz Load Cell
Quick-exchange attachement
Sliding plate
Block extension
Fz load cell
Ensure that the quick-exchange plate is properly mounted on top of the load cell:
Mount the fz load cell on the fast exchange plate and tighten the 4 captive screws. (4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long using 5/32 Allen wrench).
Incorrect
The fast exchange plate’s notch should be pointing on the opposite side of the front load cell as this notch will fit into the back of the sliding support.
The front of the load cell is the face showing the Rtec logo and the unit calibration sticker.
(Optional) With Extension blocks:
You can also use an extension block to reduce the distance between the load cell and the lower setup.
2" (left) and 4" extensions (right)
Mount the block extension on the exchange plate with 4 4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long screws using 5/32 Allen wrench.
Install the load cell mounted on the extension block with the 4 captives screws. (4 x 10-32 x 1.250” long using 5/32 Allen wrench).
The fast exchange plate’s notch should be pointing on the opposite side of the front load cell as this notch will fit into the back of the sliding support.
The component at the top of the picture is the fast exchange adapter.
The front of the load cell is the face showing the Rtec logo and the unit calibration sticker.
Incorrect
Install the Fz load Cell
Lower the Z-Axis all the way down using the jogbox Z-axis control.
Slide the FZ-1D arm into the quick-exchange mount.
Secure the arm by locking it in place.
⚠️
Always power off the instrument before connecting or installing any load cell or accessory.
Mount the Fx-1D Arm
Remove the right panel of the MFT to access to the fixation hole and sticker
Position yourself at the right frame of the MFT and place the back of the arm (the pivot base)against the frame, making sure the base of the arm is pressed against it.
Refer to the alignment guide on the side of the instrument to determine the correct mounting holes.
The level of the friction arm depends on the configuration.
ex: For the block-on-ring configuration without heating chamber, use positions 5 and 7.
Attach the friction arm to the instrument using the 1.125-inch screws and washers to secure the arm. (1/4-20 x 1.000” BM310340-09). Hand-tighten initially; fully tighten with the 3/16” Allen Key after final adjustments.
Mount the Spring Assembly
Use a 5/64" Allen wrench to mount the springs to the front and back of the Fx-1D arm.
Ensure proper tension and secure the spring assembly.
Attach the Load Cell Cables
Connect the Sensor Cable
Connect the Fx Arm Cable to the Fz Load Cell
Raise the Fz-1D Load Cel
Pin/Ball holder preparation
The ball holder along with the provided collet can also accommodate circular pins.
Loosen the nut to free the ball.
Insert the adjusting pin into the holder, then the ball. Provided for standard test: Ball, .250" (1/4") (6.350mm) Dia E52100 100Cr6 grade 25 Alloy Steel.
Hold the holder vertically, so the ball is resting on the pin. Using a 1/8" Allen key, fasten the screw inside the holder to slightly push the ball.
Once the ball is retracted enough, fasten the nut to secure it.
ℹ️
For preliminary testing: The ball may be reused by rotating it to expose a unworn contact surface. For final measurements: It is recommended to employ a new ball for each test to ensure accuracy and reproducibility.
Extension holder
ℹ️
Use the extension only in particular cases where the ball holder cannot reach the sample.
Increasing the ball holder length can negatively affect test results, especially in reciprocating tests. Whenever possible, use the load cell extension block instead.
(to reduce the distance towards the sample)
Universal Ball holder Overivew
1. Test Ball or Pin
Rtec balls catalog
E52100 Alloy Steel / HRC60
304 SSt / HRC25
440C SSt / HRC58
WC Tungsten Carbide / HRC75
SiN Silicon Nitride
Nonporous Alumina Ceramic balls
PTFE
Available Ball size :
1.6mm
3.9mm
6.3mm
9.5mm
12.7mm
Upper Sample Holder for Chamber
1200° Chamber
Upper Sample Holder for 1200℃ Chamber
Part no.
Ball Holder 9.5 mm ( 3/8")
SPN03U008H
Ball and Pin Holder 6.35 mm ( 1/4")
SPN03U008-1H
Ball Holder 3.175 mm ( 1/8")
SPN03U008-2H
Ball Holder 1.6 mm ( 1/16")
SPN03U008-3H
1000° Chamber
Upper Sample Holder for 1000℃ Chamber
Part no.
0.5 inch ball
SPN030060-55
0.375 inch ball
SPN030060-54
0.25 inch ball
SPN030060-53
3 mm ball
SPN030060-56
6mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-462
6.3mm diameter cylinder
SPN13108
9.5mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-463
12.7mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-464
15mm diameter cylinder
SPN030041-465
2 . Nut
3. ER11 Collet
General metric range avalaible: from 1 mm to 7 mm (0.5 mm increments)
Each collet has a clamping range of 0.5 mm ex: an ER11-3 mm collet can also clamp pins/balls with a 2.5-3.5 mm diameter.
4. Adjusting pin
This pin enables ball position adjustment within the collet.
5. Ball Holder
Holder Specification MSC 81197253
Collet Series
ER11
Shank Type
Straight
Through Coolant
No
Shank Diameter (Inch)
5/8
Minimum Collet Capacity (Decimal Inch)
0.0190
Maximum Collet Capacity (Decimal Inch)
0.2760
Overall Length (Inch)
3-1/2
Overall Length (Decimal Inch)
3.5
Actuator Type
Wrench
Shank Length (Decimal Inch)
3.0300
Collet Nut Diameter (Decimal Inch)
0.6200
6. Extension
ℹ️
For additional information or to place an order, please contact Rtec Support (contact information provided at the end of this manual).
Ball holder Spring Setup
Sleeve, insulator cap and the adaptor are placed on the top of the holder.
in order to be used with the suspensions.
For more information
A suspension is used to limit the vibration induced by the sample during testing. There are several variations of suspensions depending on the maximum load it can be effective on. .
It is recommended to select a suspension system with the closest higher load rating to the expected load. For example, if you realize a test at 150N, you would need to use the 200N suspension. By doing so, you will mitigate the vibrations the most.
Block holder Spring Setup
Sleeve, insulator cap and the adaptor are placed on the top of the holder.
in order to be used with the suspensions.
Slide in the block holder adapter sleeve.
Add the first cap to the top of the ball holder.
Place the spring onto the cap.
Add the top cap on top of the spring.
The pictures below show the actual montage step directly on the arm.
Follow the next step to continue
Self-Adjusting Block holder preparation
ℹ️
The self-leveling block holder will ensure proper contact during the test.
Firstly ,loosen the 2 tightening screws using /16” Allen key.
Unscrew the thumb screw/knob present on the front of the arm You can now open the securing block and insert the holder.
Insert the holer onto the arm and align the slot on the sleeve with the alignment pin on the arm.
The flange of the insulator sleeve must be positioned towards the top of the block holder For the block holder: Make sure that the notch matches the extrusion of the block holder
Slide the sleeve into position and loosely secure it.
Level the arm
Use the built-in level on the 1D arm to ensure the arm is mounted horizontally.
Manually press the arm so the ball holder contacts the sample, as the level must be evaluated when the pin/ball is in contact with the surface.
Slightly loosen the tightening screw/knob.
Adjust the arm position up or down until the level indicator shows proper alignment.
Once the 1D arm and block holder aligned and level, tighten the sleeve securely.
⚠️
The collets must be fully inserted into the arm
The ball holder and arm can remain suspended
Confirm the assembly is secure and aligned
⚠️
Please verify this important aspect of the setup, as they can be easily forgotten or ignored, possibly affecting the quality of the testing and result.
Ensure that :
the lower module and the universal sample holder (rotary/reciprocating..) are secured, chamber cables are connected if used.
Fz and Fz cables are connected.
Ball or Block are tightened on the holder.
Arm is leveled and the collet fully inserted and aligned.
Adequate suspension is used.
⚠️
Important Note for a Chamber Setup
Please dont remove the lids (top cover of your chamber) at this point, until the homing have been done, to avoid any collision during the displacement.
Module Installation
Linear Reciprocating Module
Direct Rotary Drive Installation Step
Please skip this step if your drive is already installed onto the XY stage.
As shown above, the drive is installed on the stage.
Additional animation instructions
Route the drive cable through the X Y stage.
Position and insert the motor drive through the stage.
Orient the drive so the green sensor port faces the right side.
Secure the drive with 7 x SHCS 8-32 X .625" long screws (310-280-05 / BM310280-09)
Confirm that the alignment pin is seated correctly.
Connect the 2 cables on the slot on the right, behind the frame (the Motor Power Chord and the Encoder Chord).
⚠️
Always power off the instrument before connecting cables or installing any load cell or accessory.
Linear Reciprocating Drive [reci,srv]-
Linear Reciprocating Drive Installation
Position the reciprocating drive on the base.
⚠️
Ensure that the black connector below the module is properly aligned and connects with the green connector on the base.
Use two 8-32 screws (BM310280-12) to secure the reciprocating drive.
Technical Linear Drive Specification
Adjustable Stroke length: 0.1-30 mm
Frequency: 0.1-80 Hz ( 80 Hz @ 1 mm, 60 Hz @ 2 mm, 20 Hz @ 25 mm).
⚠️
The maximum allowable frequency is determined by the current stroke length. The respective limits must not be exceeded.
Some reciprocating drives are not fully covered by this specification, e.g., SPN04316 – up to 15 Hz. Please refer to your packaging list if unsure or unaware of this information, or contact Rtec Support for assistance.
(Option) LVDT Linear Encoder Range: 25.4 mm (+/- 12.7 mm); Resolution: 1 um
ℹ️
When using the reciprocating system in combination with the LVDT, the stroke length limitation becomes 25.4 mm. The stroke length cannot be measured beyond this value.
Fast reciprocating drive - Adjustable Stroke length: 0.1-30 mm; Frequency：0.1-80 Hz ( 80Hz @ 1mm, 60hz @ 2mm，40 Hz @ 13 mm ，20 Hz @ 25mm ，10Hz+ @ 30mm, ) With LVDT Linear Encoder Range: 25.4 mm (+/- 12.7 mm); Resolution: 1 um
Adjusting the Stroke Length
⚠️
Please remember that the maximum frequency varies according to the stroke length. ( 80 Hz @ 1 mm, 60 Hz @ 2 mm, 20 Hz @ 25 mm).
When using the reciprocating system in combination with the LVDT, the stroke length limitation becomes 25.4 mm. The stroke length cannot be accurately measured or guaranteed beyond this value.
On the MFT Software , disable the drive by clicking on the ON button.
ℹ️
Click on “ON” to switch off the motion. The module must be “OFF”. The drive must be disabled in order to freely move the reciprocating and get access to the adjustment screws.
Drive disabled, turn the central shaft until the stroke adjusting assembly appears through the front opening of the module.
Animation example
Using a 5/64” Allen wrench, loosen the brake screws on both sides
Animation example
Insert a 9/64” Allen wrench into the center adjustment screw to adjust the stroke length.
ℹ️
Turn clockwise (right) to decrease stroke length. Turn counterclockwise (left) to increase stroke length.
Measure the amplitude with the LVDT if available in your configuration, a ruler or a dial gauge while the drive motion is on.
ℹ️
Manual measurements of the reciprocating amplitude may differ slightly from the drive motion amplitude. For accurate stroke length, measure with a dial gauge while the drive is running, or use the LVDT sensor if available.
After adjusting, re-tighten the brakes with the 5/64” Allen wrench.
Connecting the LVDT {{if lvdt,reci,srv}}
ℹ️
This feature is optional and included only in systems purchased with the LVDT attachment for displacement measurement (SPN04325)
Connect the LVDT cable to the port located at the back of the drive.
Continue further depending on the option choosen
Dry Test: Mounting the sample holder
Attach the Universal Sample Holder
Place the universal sample holder on top of the reciprocating drive
Tighten the captive screws using a 7/64" Allen key.
Insert the sample
Position the sample into the universal holder.
ℹ️
Max sample width: 1.61” (4.089cm).
Other than the width, the rectangular sample has no specific size requirements.
(Optional) You can also loosen the two nuts first to fit the sample size before.
Secure the sample in place using an 8/32" Allen key
Humidifer Linear Chamber
500° Heating Chamber
Install the Chamber Stands
Position the two support stands, one at the front and one at the back of the drive.
Secure each stand using two 10-32 screws (BM310320-12) and a 5/32" Allen key.
Mount the 500°C Chamber
Position the chamber on top of the installed extension block, fans facing the ???
Tighten the four 8-32 captive screws using a 9/64" Allen key to secure the chamber.
Secure the Internal Sample Holder
Locate the chamber reciprocating plate in the chamber.
Tighten the four 8-32 captive screws using a 9/64" Allen key.
Attach the Universal Sample Holder
Place the universal sample holder on top of the chamber reciprocating plate.
Tighten the captive screws using a 7/64" Allen key.
Insert the Sample
Place the sample into the universal holder.
Secure the sample in place using an 8/32" Allen key.
Install the Chamber Cover
Place the cover on top of the chamber.
Hand-tighten the four thumb screws to complete installation.
Connect the Temperature Cable
Plug in the temperature cable and thermocouple to the chamber.
Plug in the other side of the temperature cable and thermocouple to the tester.
1000° Heating Chamber
Install the Chamber Stands
Position the two support stands, one at the front and one at the back of the drive.
Secure each stand using two 10-32 screws (BM310320-12) and a 5/32" Allen key.
Mount the 1000°C Chamber
Place the chamber on top of the mounted stands, the fans facing towards the right.
Tighten four 8-32 Captive Screws using a 9/64" Allen key to secure the chamber to the drive.
Tighten the Sample Holder to the Drive
Tighten four 8-32 Captive Screws using a 9/64" Allen key to secure the holder to the reciprocating drive .
Insert the Sample
Sample size: 1.25”x0.63”x0.16” (31x16x4 mm) Max space inside the chamber 50x50 mm
Remove the two Sample Holder Screws using an adjustable wrench
Clean screw threads thoroughly using solvent or a wire brush to remove old grease, debris, or oxidation.
⚠️
Apply Thin, Even Film of Anti-Seize provided.
Brush or wipe a small amount of anti-seize onto the threads in contact.
Cover threads completely but avoid excess, as too much compound can reduce effectiveness.
Then apply a thin layer onto the screw head and flange in contact with the sample holder arms.
Tighten to Reduced Torque
Tighten fasteners to 30–40 % less torque than dry specifications.
Wipe Off Excess
Remove any squeeze-out or residue around the joint surfaces after assembly.
Apply anti seize at most metallic contacts to prevent galling:
Below the screw head
At the clamp / sample interface
Attach the Top Cover
Align the top cover and push it down into place.
Lock both sides securely to complete the installation.
Connect the Temperature Cable
Plug in the temperature cable and thermocouple to the chamber.
Plug in the other side of the temperature cable and thermocouple to the tester.
Insulate the chamber hole
After installing the load cell and the heating chamber, home the system.
Rotary Drive High Torque-Motor #3 (~70% Higher Torque than Motor #1)
Needed for few applications requiring very high torque. Contact Us for More Ranges
SPN04002-4-100
Motor #4
Ultra-Low Speed Rotary Drive - Harmonic Reducer (Precise control on rotation angle, 5 times higher torque than motor #1)
Speed 0.001 to 100 rpm; Max Torque 50 Nm, angular resolution 0.0072 deg.
SPN04002-4-50
Motor #4
Ultra-Low Speed Rotary Drive - Harmonic Reducer (Precise control on rotation angle, 5 times higher torque than motor #1)
Speed 0.001 to 50 rpm; Max Torque 50 Nm, angular resolution 0.0036 deg.
SPN04034
Motor #4
Rotary Drive Ultra-Low Speed Harmonic Actuator
Precise control on rotation angle. Speed 0.001 to 100 rpm, Max Torque 50 Nm, angular resolution 0.0072 degree
SPN04002-5-5000
Motor #5
Ultra-High Torque Rotary Drives (Require 3-phase 480V or 380V AC Power, 5 times higher torque than motor #1). Additional high power controller needed. Not all temperature chambers fit. Please contact for compatibility
Speed 0.1 to 5,000 rpm; Max Torque 30 Nm
SPN04002-5-3000
Motor #5
Ultra-High Torque Rotary Drives (Require 3-phase 480V or 380V AC Power, 5 times higher torque than motor #1). Additional high power controller needed. Not all temperature chambers fit. Please contact for compatibility
Speed 0.1 to 3,000 rpm; Max Torque 50 Nm
SPN04010-15
Motor #1 Driver #B
Electric Drive Rotary Drive
max 3000 rpm, @220V, T max 9.5 Nm
SPN04010-14
Motor #1 Driver #B
Electric Drive Rotary Drive
max 5000 rpm, @220V, Tmax 5.6 Nm
SPN04010-18
Motor #1 Driver #B
Electric Drive Rotary Drive
max 8000 rpm, @220V, Tmax 3.5 Nm
SPN04330-474
Motor #1 Driver #B
Electric Drive Rotary Drive
max 3000 rpm, @220V, T max 9.5 Nm
SPN04330-475
Motor #1 Driver #B
Electric Drive Rotary Drive
max 5000 rpm, @220V, Tmax 5.6 Nm
SPN04330-476
Motor #1 Driver #B
Electric Drive Rotary Drive
max 8000 rpm, @220V, Tmax 3.5 Nm
SPN04018-21
Motor #2 Driver #B
Rotary Drive
max 3000 rpm, @220V, T max 10.5 Nm
SPN04018-20
Motor #2 Driver #B
Rotary Drive
max 5000 rpm, @220V, T max 6.9 Nm
SPN04026-93
Motor #3 Driver #B
Rotary Drive
max 1500 rpm, @220V, T max 22.7 Nm
SPN04026-92
Motor #3 Driver #B
Rotary Drive
max 3000 rpm, @220V, T max 11.5 Nm
SPN04292-487
Motor #2 Driver #C
Rotary Drive
max 4800 rpm, @380V / 4800 RPM @ 480V, T max 10.8 Nm
SPN04292-488
Motor #2 Driver #C
Rotary Drive
max 7500 rpm, @380V / 7500 RPM @ 480V, T max 6.9 Nm
SPN04291-485
Motor #3 Driver #C
Rotary Drive
max 2500 rpm, @380V / 3000 RPM @480V, T max 22.7 Nm
SPN04291-486
Motor #3 Driver #C
Rotary Drive
max 5000 rpm, @380V / 6000 RPM @480V, T max 11.5 Nm
at 3-ph. 480V - With Drive mod. AKD-02407 Motor #4 (AKM2G-74Q) - standard motor high-power rotary drive, brake tester, twin-roller tester, 3-roller tester.
Motor #4
Motor #4
SPN04290-24 (Brake tester)
SPN04290-24 (Brake tester)
SPN04290-25 (Brake tester)
SPN04290-25 (Brake tester)
ㅤ
ㅤ
0.625
(35:56)
0.875
(35:40)
Speed, rpm
Torque, Nm
Speed, rpm
Torque, Nm
Speed, rpm
Torque, Nm
0
59.59
0
37.24
0
52.14
100
59.59
160
37.24
114
52.14
200
59.59
320
37.24
229
52.14
500
59.57
800
37.23
571
52.12
750
59.55
1200
37.22
857
52.11
1000
59.54
1600
37.21
1143
52.10
1200
59
1920
36.88
1371
51.63
1250
58.45
2000
36.53
1429
51.14
1400
56.6
2240
35.38
1600
49.53
1500
55.35
2400
34.59
1714
48.43
1750
52.3
2800
32.69
2000
45.76
2000
49.3
3200
30.81
2286
43.14
2250
46.3
3600
28.94
2571
40.51
2500
43.1
4000
26.94
2857
37.71
2700
40.7
4320
25.44
3086
35.61
Align the rotary drive with the mounting holes.
⚠️
Ensure that the black connector underneath the module is facing left so it properly aligns and connects with the green connector on the base.
Secure using 6 x 8-32 screws (Part No. BM310280-5) with 9/64" Allen key.
Continue further depending the option choosen
ℹ️
You can mount the sample disk directly onto the rotary table if this option was not purchased or if your sample has been properly prepared for this purpose.
Direct Sample Disk Mounting
ℹ️
Ensure the thread adapter and the centering pin are mounted onto the rotary table disk. Dowel pins are in the tool hardware kit. Pin: 0.094” x 0.375” dowel pin - BM280103-04. Thread adapter - BM430001.
The Sample Disk should be aligned with the dowel pin to avoid any disk wobbling during test.
Disk mounted on rotary table by aligning with Dowel Pin and tightening the center 6/32 sample disk screw with the 5/32" Allen key.
Mount the Universal Sample holder onto the rotary table.
Secure it with the 6, 4-40 X .188" using a 3/32" Allen key. Sample holder screw provided in the toolbox. 4-40 X .250" LG PLAIN 18-8 SST SHCS screws
Place the sample in the middle of the holder. Use the centering lines to grossly center
ℹ️
This universal rotary holder can accommodate any rotary sample of radius within this range without the need for a centered insert on the sample.
Range of [12.7 , 50.8] mm / [0.5 , 2]”
Securing the sample disk
Loosen the 3 gripper's screws
Place the fine securing screw in the “Free Position”:
Slide the 3 grippers in contact with the sample.
Once the sample is positioned, tighten the 3 gripper's screws.
Finally, tighten the fine screw until it is pushing the sample, preventing any rotation during the test.
Coarse securing gripper’s screws
Fine securing screw
Liquid Container at ambient temperature
Remove the Rotary Table
Using a 9/64" Allen key, remove the existing sample holder disk to prepare for the chamber installation.
Remove the thread adapter with a flat screwdriver. Turn it counterclockwise like a screw to remove it.
Remove also the pin from the rotary table disk. From the other side of the disk, push the pin out using a 0.050" Allen key.
ℹ️
The pin is a 0.094” x 0.375” dowel pin, part number BM280103-04. The thread adapter is part number BM430001.
Install the Chamber Housing
Position the chamber housing onto the rotary drive with the two dowel pins positioned along the Y-Axis.
Secure the housing using six 4-40 X .250” screws using a 3/32" Allen key. SHCS 4-40 X .250" LG PLAIN 18-8 SST SHCSBM310240-03
Re-Mount the Rotary Table
Insert a long 1⁄4-20 bolt in the center of the rotary table to help lower and position the table into the liquid container housing.
Once seated, remove the temporary screw and re-screw the three rotary table screws with the 9/64" Allen key.
Mount the Liquid Chamber
Place the liquid chamber onto the housing.
Secure it by tightening the six captive screws with the 3/32" Allen key.
Sample Mounting
Align the sample with the pin and place it in the liquid chamber.
Use the BM312-241-04 screw and 3/32" Allen key to secure the sample in position.
ℹ️
The Universal sample holder which can accommodate any circular sample is not compatible with the liquid container.
Chamber Cover Installation
Install the brass cover with the opening along the Y-axis. The two slots in the brass lid will align with the two dowl pins on the housing. Align the cover with the two dowel pins on the liquid chamber.
Screw in the six Liquid Chamber Cover Screws - BM310-220-04 to secure the lid to the housing.
Troubleshooting
Maintenance
Humidifier Rotary Chamber
500° Heating Rotary
Remove the Rotary Table
Using a 9/64" Allen key, remove the existing sample holder disk to prepare for the chamber installation.
Remove the thread adapter with a flat screwdriver. Turn it counterclockwise like a screw to remove it.
Remove also the pin from the rotary table disk. From the other side of the disk, push the pin out using a 0.050" Allen key.
ℹ️
The pin is a 0.094” x 0.375” dowel pin, part number BM280103-04. The thread adapter is part number BM430001.
Mount the Lower Extension
Align the lower extension with its mounting position.
Secure it using three 8-32 screws (BM310280-4) and a 9/64" Allen key.
Mount the 500°C Chamber
Position the chamber on the extension. The fans facing towards the front.
Insert two 4-40 screws (BM310240-3) into the front and back holes. SHCS 4-40 X .250" LG PLAIN 18-8 SST SHCS
Tighten using a 3/32" Allen key.
Re-Mount the Rotary Table
Insert a long ¼-20 bolt in the center of the rotary table to help lower and position the table into the chamber.
Place the rotary table inside the chamber.
Once seated, remove the temporary screw and re-screw the three rotary table screws with the 9/64" Allen key.
Secure the Top Cover
Place the cover on the chamber.
Tighten the cap using the four built-in thumb screws.
Connect the Temperature Cable
Plug in the temperature cable and thermocouple to the chamber.
Plug in the other side of the temperature cable and thermocouple to the tester.
(Option) Using the Liquid Chamber
Place the liquid chamber onto the housing if purchased.
Secure it by tightening the six captive screws with the 3/32" Allen key.
Align the cover with the two dowel pins on the heating chamber.
Install the brass cover with the opening along the Y-axis. The two slots in the brass lid will align with the two dowl pins on the housing
In this case, the brass cover is positioned with no screws.
Secure the Top Cover
Place the cover on the chamber.
Tighten the cap using the four built-in thumb screws.
Connect the Temperature Cable
Plug in the temperature cable and thermocouple to the chamber.
Plug in the other side of the temperature cable and thermocouple to the tester.
1000° Heating Rotary
Remove the Rotary Table
Using a 9/64" Allen key, remove the existing sample holder disk to prepare for the chamber installation.
Remove the thread adapter with a flat screwdriver. Turn it counterclockwise like a screw to remove it.
Remove also the pin from the rotary table disk. From the other side of the disk, push the pin out using a 0.050" Allen key.
ℹ️
The pin is a 0.094” x 0.375” dowel pin, part number BM280103-04. The thread adapter is part number BM430001.
Mount the Shrink Fin
Position the shrink fin in place.
Secure with two BM310220-8 screws and a 5/64" Allen key.
Install Rotary Extension Blocks
Position the lower extension block and secure using BM310280-4 screws and a 9/64" Allen key.
Install the lower part of the chamber
Position the chamber, the fans facing the front.
Use the two thumbscrews on both sides to tighten and secure the chamber.
Install the upper extension block on top of the chamber using BM310280-4 screws and a 9/64" Allen key.
Install Sample Holder Assembly
Position the sample holder in place by aligning the two pin mounts.
⚠️
Apply a thin layer of anti-seize compound to the contact surfaces between the sample holder and the lower table.
Place the sample disc in the sample holder.
Secure the disc using BM310282-7 screws and a 3/32” Allen Key.
⚠️
Apply a thin layer of anti-seize compound to each screws prior to mount to prevent sticking at high temperatures.
Close and Lock the Lid
Close the chamber lid.
Engage the two locking clamps located on both sides of the chamber.
Connect the Temperature Cable
Plug in the temperature cable and thermocouple to the chamber.
Plug in the other side of the temperature cable and thermocouple to the tester.
-120° Cryogenic Rotary
Remove the Rotary Table
Using a 9/64" Allen key, remove the existing sample holder disk to prepare for the chamber installation.
Remove the thread adapter with a flat screwdriver. Turn it counterclockwise like a screw to remove it.
Remove also the pin from the rotary table disk. From the other side of the disk, push the pin out using a 0.050" Allen key.
ℹ️
The pin is a 0.094” x 0.375” dowel pin, part number BM280103-04. The thread adapter is part number BM430001.
Mount the Lower Extension
Align the lower extension with its mounting position.
Secure it using three 8-32 screws (BM310280-4) and a 9/64" Allen key.
Mount the -120°C Chamber
Place the chamber over the extension shaft.
Use a 3/16" Allen key to tighten the screw at the bottom to prevent rotation.
Install the Rotary Plate
Place the Rotary plate into the chamber.
Secure using 8-32 screws (BM310280-4) and 9/64” Allen Key.
Mount the liquid nitrogen Chamber
The liquid nitrogen chamber comes with pre-installed screws.
Use a 3/32" Allen key to tighten the BM310-240-3 screws.
Mount the Sample
Place the sample in the designated holder.
Tighten using the sample screw and 5/64" Allen key.
Install the Top Cover
Place the top cover over the chamber assembly.
Hand-tighten the four top cover screws.
Additional Connections
Liquid Nitrogen Inlet: Connect the LN2 tube to the port marked for liquid nitrogen.
RTD Port: Connect the low temperature RTD (Resistance temperature detectors) to the designated input.
Block-On-Ring (BOR) Module
Mounting the Block-on-Ring Drive [bor]
Technical BOR Drive Specification
Speed and Torque: Belt Drive Motor #2 @ 220v With Driver #B
Single Motor #2
Single Motor #2
SPN04043-402 SPN04042-26
SPN04043-402 SPN04042-26
SPN04042-27 SPN04043-468
SPN04042-27 SPN04043-468
1.25
(45:36)
0.667
(30:45)
Speed, rpm
Torque, Nm
Speed, rpm
Torque, Nm
Speed, rpm
Torque, Nm
0
8.67
0
10.84
0
5.78
200
8.56
160
10.70
300
5.71
500
8.39
400
10.49
750
5.59
1000
8.11
800
10.14
1500
5.41
1200
8
960
10.00
1800
5.33
1500
7.83
1200
9.79
2250
5.22
2000
7.56
1600
9.45
3000
5.04
2500
7.2
2000
9.00
3750
4.80
3000
6.85
2400
8.56
4500
4.57
3500
6.37
2800
7.96
5250
4.25
3800
6.08
3040
7.60
5700
4.05
4000
5.89
3200
7.36
6000
3.93
SPN
Motor/Driver
Description
Specifications
SPN04042-27
Motor #2 Driver #B
Standard BOR Drive Motor #2
Speed max 3000 rpm @ 220V; Max Torque 10.5 Nm
SPN04042-26
Motor #2 Driver #B
Standard BOR Drive Motor #2
Speed max 5000 rpm @ 220V; Max Torque 6.9 Nm
SPN04043-468
Motor #2 Driver #B
BOR Drive Motor #2 With Inline Torque Sensor
Speed max 3000 rpm @ 220V; Max Torque 10.5 Nm
SPN04043-402
Motor #2 Driver #B
BOR Drive Motor #2 With Inline Torque Sensor
Speed max 5000 rpm @ 220V; Max Torque 6.9 Nm
SPN04003-5-1
High Power Motor
Ultra-High Torque BOR Drive. Requires 3-phase 480V or 380V AC. Additional high power controller needed. Not all chambers fit. Please contact for compatibility.
Speed 0.1 to 5,000 rpm; Max Torque 30 Nm
SPN04003-5-2
High Power Motor
Ultra-High Torque BOR Drive. Requires 3-phase 480V or 380V AC. Additional high power controller needed. Not all chambers fit. Please contact for compatibility.
Speed 0.1 to 3,000 rpm; Max Torque 50 Nm
Slide the drive onto the XY stage, aligning it to the front right corner while pressing down to avoid tilting.
Secure the drive with two 8-32 screws (0.75” long) using a 9/64” Allen wrench.
Do not fully tighten until alignment is verified.
Once aligned, fully tighten all screws.
Connecting the Block-on-Ring [bor]
⚠️
Ensure the tester is powered off before making motor or electrical connections.
At the back of the system:
Connect the two motor connectors.
Connect the 24V fan power cable.
The visual may differs depending on options
Mounting the Block-On-Ring sample
The Inner Raceway can accomodate other roller bearing sample by referering to the Timken inner surface drawing.
First slide in the roller bearing sample.
Rtec Catalog
TIMKEN Tapered-Roller Bearing
35mm OD Tapered-Roller Bearing Outer Ring, 1-3/8" (35mm) OD, 11/32" W SPN13129-143
49mm OD Tapered-Roller Bearing Outer Ring, 1-15/15" (49mm) OD, 9/16" W SPN13129-144
Then the washer identifiable by it notch. the notch fit into the keyed pin’s shaft.
Last, the locknut, identifiable by it wrench flat.
Tighten the locknut using a wrench to secure the whole.
Mounting a bearing wheels sample
The Shaft assembly AM000188-00 (different from the previous Tapered-Roller Bearing shaft) is needed to mount the bearing wheel.
Rtec Catalog
FAG Open Ball BearingOpen Ball Bearing 30mm x 62mm x 16mm
First slide in the bearing wheels sample.
Then the washer identifiable by it notch. the notch fit into the keyed pin’s shaft.
Last, the locknut, identifiable by it wrench flat.
Tighten the locknut using 2 wrenches on opposite sides of the bearing to secure the assembly.
Continue further depending on the option choosen
(Otherwise skip the encadred step)
Using the Liquid Container
Liquid Container: Components and Tools
Components
Liquid Container Assembly
Top Cover
Gasket
Block-on-Ring Shaft o Detachable Front Door (with two alignment pins)
Screws and Hardware
(4x) 6-32 x 0.375 in screws (for securing door)
(4x) 4-40 x 0.25 in screws (for securing cover)
7/64" Allen Wrench (for door screws)
3/32" Allen Wrench (for top cover screws)
Position the Shaft onto the Container
The locknut side of the shaft (with the wrench flat and no screws) slides into the main frame of the liquid container.
Locknut side shaft
Close the Front Door
Position the detachable door so that the alignment pins insert into their corresponding holes.
Ensure the side of the shaft with screws is aligned with the side of the container that has tubing.
Secure the Door
Tighten four (4) 6-32 x 0.375 inch screws using a 7/64" Allen key. Do not overtighten.
Mount the Gasket and Top Cover
Align the gasket properly on top of the liquid container.
Place the cover on top of the gasket, ensuring full alignment.
Secure the Top Cover
Insert four (4) 4-40 x 0.25 inch screws through the top cover.
Tighten them using a 3/32" Allen wrench.
Install the Block-on-Ring support bracket
The side with the mounting hole should face the front.
Secure with 10-32 screws (0.625” long) using a 5/32" Allen key.
500° Heating BOR
Installing the 500°C Chamber Base
Mount the chamber base using three 10-32 screws (0.625” long) and a 5/32” Allen key.
Use the provided holes on the XY plate.
500° Heating and Liquid Container
Liquid Container: Components and Tools
Components
Liquid Container Assembly
Top Cover
Gasket
Block-on-Ring Shaft o Detachable Front Door (with two alignment pins)
Screws and Hardware
(4x) 6-32 x 0.375 in screws (for securing door)
(4x) 4-40 x 0.25 in screws (for securing cover)
7/64" Allen Wrench (for door screws)
3/32" Allen Wrench (for top cover screws)
Position the Shaft onto the Container
The locknut side of the shaft (with the wrench flat and no screws) slides into the main frame of the liquid container.
Locknut side shaft
Close the Front Door
Position the detachable door so that the alignment pins insert into their corresponding holes.
Ensure the side of the shaft with screws is aligned with the side of the container that has tubing.
Secure the Door
Tighten four (4) 6-32 x 0.375 inch screws using a 7/64" Allen key. Do not overtighten.
Mount the Gasket and Top Cover
Align the gasket properly on top of the liquid container.
Place the cover on top of the gasket, ensuring full alignment.
Secure the Top Cover
Insert four (4) 4-40 x 0.25 inch screws through the top cover.
Tighten them using a 3/32" Allen wrench.
(please skip this step for a dry heating test)
Installing the 500°C BOR Chamber
Install both sides of the chamber into position and tighten the clamps.
Connect the power cable and thermocouple cable to the instrument.
Attaching the Shaft Support
Slide into position the front shaft support using the built-in alignment pins.
Secure the shaft by pulling tightening the two levers.
Slide the shaft through the BOR Drive
Slide the shaft through the BOR Drive.
Begin with the rear collet (1.5” taper) and tighten using the provided wrenches.
Then tighten the front collet (36 mm taper).
⚠️
If the shaft is not correctly tightened, it will rotate freely within the drive instead of transferring torque to the shaft.
4Ball Module
Remove the fast-exchange plate
Lower the Z axis all to the minimum.
Remove the fast exchange attachment from the Z-Axis by loosening the 4 screws holding it.
ℹ️
The upper drive will be directly fixed to the Z stage without the fast exchange attachment.
Install the Fz load cell
Specification
SPN Number
Range (kN)
Application Test
AM000467-00
5
ㅤ
AM000467-01
8
4Ball
AM000467-02
10
ㅤ
Upper Rotary Drive with integrated 20 Nm Torque sensors
Part no.
Speed 0.1 to 5,000 rpm; Max Torque 5.3 Nm 5.1Nm @500rpm, 4 Nm @3000rpm, 2.9Nm @5000rpm, Integrated Torque Sensor Range 20 Nm, Additional torque sensor range upon request
SPN04004-2-5000-20
Standard Config Speed 0.1 to 2,500 rpm; Max Torque 11.2 Nm 10.4Nm @500rpm, 9.5Nm @1000rpm, 6 Nm @2500rpm Integrated Torque Sensor Range 20 Nm, additional torque sensor range upon request
SPN04004-2-2500-20
TappingTorque
ㅤ
Speed 0.1 to 5,000 rpm; Max Torque 5.3 Nm 5.1Nm @500rpm, 4 Nm @3000rpm, 2.9Nm @5000rpm, Integrated Torque Sensor Range 20 Nm, Additional torque sensor range upon request. Lower liquid collecting pan 10"x7"
SPN04005
Position the load cell in contact with the Z Stage direct support.
While holding it in place, fasten the 4 captive screws as shown below.
⚠️
The 4-pin holder of the Fz load cell must face downwards.
The slot connector of the load cell must be pointing to the right.
Slide in the upper drive
Technical Specification
AM000848: Load + Sensor
Slide the upper drive into the load cell pins.
⚠️
Please pay attention to the notch, circled in orange, which must point towards the back.
ℹ️
After sliding it in, the upper rotary drive is now supported by the 4-pins.
To secure the upper drive, tighten the 3 captives screws using a 5/32" Allen key.
ℹ️
There is only one captive screw on the right.
Connect the cables
Fz load cell cable
Connect the load cell cable then lock it in position by pulling on the two-sided levers.
Power drive and Torque sensor cable
From the back of the MFT-5000, you’ll find the 2 slots located on the left, behind the frame.
The torque sensor connector is on the left of the upper drive.
Connect the Electrified testing cables {{if ev}}
Upper Electric EV rotary drive with 8000N quad force sensor and integrated torque sensor - SPN04332
Mount the self-adjusting heating platform
Position the bottom self-centering platform onto the base, the connectors facing towards the front.
Secure the four captive screws with a 9/64" Allen key.
Connect the power cables
Mount the cooled self-adjusting platform [cool]
Mount the self-adjusting platform [none]
Assembling the 4ball oil container [liq]
Empty the container and pull out the thermocouple probe.
ℹ️
Cleaning procedure before test
Immerse container components and balls in Stoddard solvent, swirl or ultrasonically clean for 5 minutes.
Transfer to fresh Stoddard solvent, swirl or ultrasonically clean for 1 minute.
Rinse in n-heptane, swirl or ultrasonically clean 1–2 minutes.
Air-dry 10 minutes in fume hood or warm air stream.
Assemble immediately into the test cup using clean tweezers.
Insert the three balls into the empty container, without forgetting the positioning pin. The thermocouple probe must be pushed close to the balls.
Put the clamping rings. Make sure the clamping ring with the 3 notches faces towards the ball (opposite from the picture). Then the chuck insert above.
Finally, put the nut.
For Oil Preparation
Pour the oil to be evaluated into the test-oil cup to a level around 3 mm above the top of the balls. Ensure that this oil level still exists after the test-oil fills all of the voids in the test-oil cup assembly.
Assembling the 4ball EV oil container [liq&(ev,elec]
For Oil Preparation
Pour the oil to be evaluated into the test-oil cup to a level around 3 mm above the top of the balls. Ensure that this oil level still exists after the test-oil fills all of the voids in the test-oil cup assembly.
Assembling the 4ball grease container [room]
Empty the container and pull out the thermocouple probe.
ℹ️
Cleaning procedure before test
Immerse balls in Stoddard solvent, ultrasonically clean for 5 min.
Transfer to fresh Stoddard solvent, swirl for 1 min.
Rinse in n-heptane, swirl or ultrasonically clean 1–2 min.
Air-dry 10 min in fume hood or warm air stream.
Assemble immediately into the test cup using clean tweezers.
Insert the grease container and the positioning pin. Insert back the thermocouple probe.
This pin prevents the ball from slipping during testing.
Put the circular insert ,then place the 3 testing balls.
ℹ️
Make sure that the thermocouple probe is pushed very close to the balls.
Put the clamping ring in place, then insert the chuck.
Assembling the 4ball EV grease container [liq&(ev,elec)]
Tighten the 4ball container to 50 ft-lbf (67.8 N.m)
ℹ️
The attachment table must be fixed on a table for this operation. Tapping Inserts for Softwood are provided with the table.
Take the provided torque wrench and adjust it to 50 ft-lbs (67.8 N.m). Place the 6 Point Impact Socket 2-1/4” on the torque wrench.
Place the 4ball container on the attachment table by respecting the correct orientation (different pin diameters).
Tighten the 4ball container on the attachment table using the torque wrench.
ℹ️
The torque tightening is carried out according to ASTM standards, and has a direct impact on the friction outcome, including the welding process.
After use, the torque wrench should be stored at its minimal torque value (10 ft.lbf / 13.6N.m)
Install the 4ball container on the platform
Align the two guide pins on the self-centering platform with the corresponding holes on the bottom of the sample holder.
ℹ️
The two keyed pins are of different diameters, ensuring correct orientation.
Hardware Final Notes
Always confirm all screws are hand-tightened and then secured with the appropriate Allen key.
Refer to the full user manual for safety precautions and maintenance schedules
Software Step-by Step
⚠️ Important and critical Information
Useful, non critical information.
Help and troubleshoot on the operation.
For more information contains summarized additional functionality, configuration and information. Refer to the Software Index for more details.
Start the software
For proper initialization of the machine, it is recommended to turn on the machine first, wait 30 seconds and then turn on the software.
Start the computer.
On the Dekstop, Click On the Rtec MFT Software.
Wait for the softwares to initialize.
Q&A
Ensure that the tester’s switchs are On
Switching On the MFT-5000
The two AC Switches on the back of the machine, and the front ARU Button is disengaged.
Switching On the MFT-2000
The two 220VAC Switches on the MFT-2000 controller and the 24VDC Switch on the pillar are on.
Sorted Customer Q/A
Table
Question / Issue Encountered 1
Answer / Solution
_
I get DAQ polling error
This error typically occurs when communication to the DAQ box is interrupted or lost. To resolve it, restart the software or reconnect the USB cable from the DAQ box.
When launching Rtec MFT software, the status window automatically opens. This window shows the initialization of all the machine components.
Status Window successfully initialized (Left), unsuccessful (Right)
If any issue appeared during initialization, it will appear as a red line. On the image, the red line shows that the initialization of the scratch module was not successful.
Initialization should be successful for the software to work properly. If it’s not, please restart the computer. If the error persists, contact customer service.
Update the configuration
Open the Software Configuration Box.
Unroll and Scroll through the sensors section first.
Select each of the modules installed on the instrument by following the module list below.
Reciprocating & Rotary
Type
Fz
Fx
Options to select
Your Sensor Range
Your Sensor Range
For heating Chamber
RTC
Your heating chamber
Select LVDT when this option have been installed with the Reciprocating module
LVDT
Select LVDT
animation example, please refer to the list table.
Every other modules
BOR
Type
Fz
Fx
Ts
COF
Options to select
Your Sensor Range
Your Sensors Range.
Your Sensor Range
Select COF-Ts: COF Calculation using the Torques Sensors
Or Select COF: COF Calculation using the Fx Load Cell Sensors
For heating Chamber
RTC
Your BOR heating chamber
4Ball
Type
Fz
Fx
Tz
COF
Options to select
Your Sensor Range
Select any range. (While there is no Fx, it is required).
Your Sensor Range
Select COF-Torque
For heating Chamber
RTC
Select 4Ball 180°
SRV
Type
Fx
Fx-Piezo
Fx-Piezo-RMS
Fx-Piezo Peak
Fx
LVDT
COF
Options to select
Any Sensor Range.* ex:1N
Your Sensor Range
Your Sensor Range
Your Sensor Range
Your Sensor Range
Select LVDT.
Select COF-RMS
For heating Chamber
RTC
Select Select Stage-250°
*While there is no standard fx sensors other than the fx piezo installed, is it however requiered to select this component.
HFFR, MTM, VoiceCoil
Type
Fz
FxF
COF
Options to select
Your Sensor Range
Your Sensor Range.
Select COF-Fx
For heating Chamber
RTC
Your heating chamber
For more information
Whenever you update the configuration of your machine by adding or removing a component, you must also update the configuration in the MFT software.
You only need to do this if any components have been replaced since the last update.
Suspensions are not components that require configuration updates.
The load range of your cell should be written on the latest sensor calibration certificate or directly on the load cell.
If a label is missing, the unit calibration values will be non-round but close to the specified unit range.
ex: Fx: 214,56N → Unit range is 200N.
Ts: 24.56 Nm → Unit range is 24 Nm.
Saving and Loading preset configurations
The current configuration can be saved as a preset and reloaded in the future, avoiding the need to manually select each component when changing setup.
Saving Configuration
Click SAVE AS
Save the configuration file following this rule: Addins+(Name)
The custom configuration is saved and can be loaded in the future.
Loading Configuration
Press Load Configuration
Select an Addin name file matching the module installed.
The software will restart with the new configuration loaded.
“Backup/Restore”: Creates or load a backup of the software files.
⚠️
When using an existing configuration, verify that the selected configuration corresponds to the installed components to avoid any software conflicts.
Press SAVE CONFIGURATION
(The software is restarting with the new configuration saved)
Create a New Recipe
Click EXPERT MODE.
Click NEW.
Name and save the file into a directory.
Click SAVE.
The new recipe is associated with the detected module type.
Click SELECT to continue to the next window.
For more information
Select recipe window
When starting the software, the Select recipe window should appear. We can divide it into 4 separated parts.
1 - Window selection and Preview
Windows selection part
In this part, you can navigate between the different windows of a recipe:
Windows Description:
Select recipe: General overview of the recipes
Edit steps: To create steps and to modify them.
Recipe parameters: General parameters of a recipe including advanced limit criteria.
Data logging: Defines how the data is logged during testing.
Sample info: To add sample and test conditions information.
Run: To monitor components in real-times and start the test.
Alarms: Shows all the activated alarms.
2 - Recipe files and details
Recipe files and recipe details window
On the left side of the window, there is a column for the name, the date of creation and type of recipe available to be opened.
The type of recipe depends on the type of lower drive selected when creating a new recipe.
On the right side of the window, there are 8 different icons:
Select: When selecting a recipe in the left side of the screen, you can open it by clicking on “Select”.
New: Creates a new recipe in the desired folder and automatically put it in the list of recipe files.
Add: Adds an already existing recipe into the list of recipes at the left side of the recipe files window.
Remove: Removes a recipe from the list of recipes.
Save: Saves the selected recipe in the current folder.
Save As: Saves a copy of the selected recipe in the desired folder
Save As Template: Bugged?
Add From Template: Bugged?
Help
Cannot “Save As” → Click on “Select” to open the recipe to enable “Save As”
When clicking on any recipe from the list, its details will appear here.
File: Shows the file name (.Rx)
Path: Shows the path towards where the recipe is stored
Modified: Shows the latest modification date
Type: ?
Description: Can be used by the user to add a description for the recipe.
3 - Preview
Preview window
This window gives a preview of the recipe selected in recipe files. There are 2 different preview possibilities at the top left of the preview window. You can use any or both of these to get an idea of the recipe steps.
4 -Alert, Machine manual control and Test control
Alarms (Left), Machine manual control (Middle) and Test control (Right)
Alarm part
Alert window
In this window, all the current alarms impacting the tester are shown.
Machine manual control
Machine manual control window.
Machine manual control upper left window.
Machine manual control allows the user to manually control the displacement of the X, Y, Z stage and the module installed.
For X, Y and Z, the 2 first buttons move the axis in the direction of the button whenever pressed. The last button (“Distance”) allows the user to move the axis by a specific distance in a positive or negative direction.
Machine manual controller lower left window
By dragging the slider on the right of the window, you can uncover other parameters.
Vel: It is the displacement value (in mm/s) of the X, Y platform when moving the X, Y platform using the machine manual control upper window.
Move Abs XY: This part will be available if the tester is homed. It allows the user to move to a specific absolute position of the X, Y platform. This position is defined based on the home position. The button on the left refreshes the current XY position. You can enter the X and Y absolute position in the free space and then press ”XY Move” to move to this absolute position.
In the current version, the move Abs XY may have some problems, it is recommended to use the “Distance” of manual control explained previously.
Teach Offset: This parameter is used to teach the offset between the testing and imaging position of the tester. This is the part where you can do the inline imaging calibration. It will be introduced further in Part 2.2.2.4.1.
Move Offset: This parameter is used to automatically move between the testing and imaging position.
TEST => IMG: The platform goes from the test position (where the sample is located below the load cell) to the imaging position (where the sample is located below the imaging head)
IMG => TEST: The platform goes from the imaging position (where the sample is located below the imaging head) to the test position (where the sample is located below the load cell).
Make sure that you are using the right move offset type. If you are in the test position and use “IMG => TEST”, the platform will go in the wrong direction. It will be stopped and the initial position will be lost.
The “Move Offset” needs to be calibrated in order to efficiently move between the testing and imaging positions. The calibration will be introduced further in Part 2.2.2.4.1.
Machine manual control right window
On the right side of the manual control window should be the manual module control. This window allows the user to manually use the module installed.
By clicking on the “ON” button, you can turn the motor off.
Next to it should be possible to modify an intrinsic parameter of the module: frequency (Hz), speed (RPM) etc…
The two buttons at the right start (Left one) and stop (Right one) the manual movement of the module.
The “Distance” button on the far right allows you to set a number of rotations / cycles.
Test Control Window
Test control window
On the test control window, you can control the homing (Left), Start (Middle) and Stop (Right) of the recipe.
Add Steps
Reciprocating using the X Axis Table
Add a Standard Step
For more information
Principle of the STANDARD Step:
A standard step can combine multiple axis and module activations, such as applying a force (Z stage), enabling motion (Drive function), and heating the sample (Temperature function for chambers).
During this combinated step, the force is first applied and stabilized. Then, if a heating chamber is used, the defined temperature is reached. Finally, the drive type of motion drive is activated and the duration starts.(unless the engage parameters are modified).
Standard Individual step modification window
Part 1: Duration
Duration window
Duration of the step
In this window you can control the duration of the step.
The highlighted button allows the user to automatically calculate the duration of the step if the parameters selected offers to do so with a defined duration of a single repetition and certain number of repetitions (Slide for example)
By default, the logging and time duration start after the force is reached. (see Waiting for force/temperature to settle further)
Part 2: Reset
Reset window
In this window you can reset the value of Fx at the beginning of the step. If it is unchecked, the Fx value will not be subjected to any reset.
This option is necessary to be pressed only when there is an offset of the Fx value at the beginning of the test (1D+1D arm), it will create issues in most cases when using a 2D Load Cell.
Part 3: Data Logging
Data logging window
Checking “Log during this step” will record the test data during the step. If it remains unchecked, no data will be logged for this step.
In case the user wants to divide the data logging into smaller periods, he can modify the values of “Log Period” and “Log Interval”.
Log period (seconds): The duration of the log period.
Log Interval (seconds): The duration of the interval between 2 log periods.
Part 4: Force
Force window
Force options:
Constant: The step is run at a constant value of force. For example: 10N.
Linear: The step is run in linearly increasing or decreasing force for the entire step duration. For example: 5N to 20N. So, the slope's steepness will depend on the duration of the time period.
Undefined: No force control and regulation. Z drive shall remain at the same position throughout the step, this is the equivalent of the Idle state. Use this options if you only use the drive or the temperature during this step for example.
⚠️
The Z-Axis will reach out for a contact when applying a constant force of 0 N as opposed to the undefined option.
Each force are defined for each step, this aspect must be taken in consideration, meaning that the same force must be defined each step to keep applying the desired force throughout the run-test.
Tracking : Adjusting the reaction time
Tracking options:
Low: Reduces the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too strongly to a slow Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
Standard: To be used in most cases.
High: Increases the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too slowly to a rapid Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
We highly recommend to use the Standard tracking. However, if the tracking of the force is not satisfactory, you can try other possibilities or contact Rtec customer service if you cannot obtain a satisfactory tracking of the force
Click the drop-down menu and select Standard.
Click ADD a new step.
Define the duration of the step in the DURATION Section.
Define a constant or linear force within the range of the sensors and suspension.
Press ENTER.
⚠️
Remember to define values below the limits of your load cell and suspension.
(Refer to the load cell manual, suspension section for help)
Activate the X Axis [stat]
In the same Step, click on X AXIS.
Click on Idle to unroll the list.
Select Slide.
Insert the Distance (Displacement amplitude). Ex: 5 mm
Insert the Velocity, press Enter. Ex: 10 mm/s
Leave Acceleration defaut value.
ℹ️
Default Motorized Table specifications (subject to customization):
Default MFT-2000 Motorized Table specifications:
X Max travel: 150 mm / Up to 50 mm/s
Y Max travel: 200 mm / Up to 50 mm/s
Default MFT-5000 Motorized Table specifications:
X Max travel: 130 mm / 0.001-6 mm/s
Y Max travel: 270 mm / 0.001-50 mm/s
Default SMT-5000 Motorized Table specifications:
X Max travel: 150 mm / 0.001-50 mm/s
Y Max travel: 150 mm / 0.001-50 mm/s
For more information
X axis motion
In this parameter, the user can command an action of the X axis for the step.
Idle: X axis does not move the during the step.
Cycle: Triangular motion along the X axis for the entered distance and number of cycles.
Distance: Amplitude of the X-axis displacement.
Velocity (rpm): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
ℹ️
The previous position of the X table is used as the origin. The distance setting will thus be the distance from the previous X position.
For example, if the X position is 0 and the Amplitude is set to -2mm, the axis will create a triangular movement between X=[0;-2mm]
Slide: Moves the X axis for the entered distance relative to the previous position (positive and negative as shown on the X, Y platform).
Rotary Basic Recipe
Add a Rotary Radius [rota]
My tester doesn't have XY motorization
Manually adjust the Upper holder Y Radius and ignore this step
To adjust the y radius you need to manually turn the knob to the desired radius.
The center of the Y radius setup being the 25mm mark, you can adjust the radius to +-25mm.
Click the drop-down menu and select Reposition.
Click ADD a new step.
Click ADD a new item.
Click 3 times on Z.Velocity to get the dropdown menu
Click on Y.Position.
Press ENTER.
Enter the radius desired in Value. ex: 5 mm
For more information
⚠️
Most Rtec-Instruments load cells are designed to measure friction along the X-axis (Fx).
Because of this, it’s important to always set Y to a nominal value and X = 0. This ensures that all friction forces appear only along the X-axis, where the sensor can detect them.
If you adjust the radius along X, the friction force will shift to the Y direction (Fy). In that case, the load cell will not be able to measure it correctly, and it could even cause damage to the sensor.
Add a Standard Step
For more information
Principle of the STANDARD Step:
A standard step can combine multiple axis and module activations, such as applying a force (Z stage), enabling motion (Drive function), and heating the sample (Temperature function for chambers).
During this combinated step, the force is first applied and stabilized. Then, if a heating chamber is used, the defined temperature is reached. Finally, the drive type of motion drive is activated and the duration starts.(unless the engage parameters are modified).
Standard Individual step modification window
Part 1: Duration
Duration window
Duration of the step
In this window you can control the duration of the step.
The highlighted button allows the user to automatically calculate the duration of the step if the parameters selected offers to do so with a defined duration of a single repetition and certain number of repetitions (Slide for example)
By default, the logging and time duration start after the force is reached. (see Waiting for force/temperature to settle further)
Part 2: Reset
Reset window
In this window you can reset the value of Fx at the beginning of the step. If it is unchecked, the Fx value will not be subjected to any reset.
This option is necessary to be pressed only when there is an offset of the Fx value at the beginning of the test (1D+1D arm), it will create issues in most cases when using a 2D Load Cell.
Part 3: Data Logging
Data logging window
Checking “Log during this step” will record the test data during the step. If it remains unchecked, no data will be logged for this step.
In case the user wants to divide the data logging into smaller periods, he can modify the values of “Log Period” and “Log Interval”.
Log period (seconds): The duration of the log period.
Log Interval (seconds): The duration of the interval between 2 log periods.
Part 4: Force
Force window
Force options:
Constant: The step is run at a constant value of force. For example: 10N.
Linear: The step is run in linearly increasing or decreasing force for the entire step duration. For example: 5N to 20N. So, the slope's steepness will depend on the duration of the time period.
Undefined: No force control and regulation. Z drive shall remain at the same position throughout the step, this is the equivalent of the Idle state. Use this options if you only use the drive or the temperature during this step for example.
⚠️
The Z-Axis will reach out for a contact when applying a constant force of 0 N as opposed to the undefined option.
Each force are defined for each step, this aspect must be taken in consideration, meaning that the same force must be defined each step to keep applying the desired force throughout the run-test.
Tracking : Adjusting the reaction time
Tracking options:
Low: Reduces the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too strongly to a slow Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
Standard: To be used in most cases.
High: Increases the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too slowly to a rapid Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
We highly recommend to use the Standard tracking. However, if the tracking of the force is not satisfactory, you can try other possibilities or contact Rtec customer service if you cannot obtain a satisfactory tracking of the force
Click the drop-down menu and select Standard.
Click ADD a new step.
Define the duration of the step in the DURATION Section.
Define a constant or linear force within the range of the sensors and suspension.
Press ENTER.
⚠️
Remember to define values below the limits of your load cell and suspension.
(Refer to the load cell manual, suspension section for help)
Activate the Drive
For more information
Drive motion
The action type might change based on the drive selected.
Idle: If this action is selected, the drive doesn’t move during this step.
Cycle:Oscillates the drive in counter and clockwise directions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions before it changes direction.
ℹ️
If the number of revolutions entered is below 1, the rotary drive will realize a reciprocating-like rotary movement.
Velocity (rpm): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Slide: Moves the drive for a fixed number of revolutions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions to be realized.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Continuous: Moves the drive at constant velocity in counter or clockwise direction.
Direction: CW for clockwise, CCW for counterclockwise direction.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Move to Angle: Moves the drive to a nominal angle of the shaft
In the same Standard Step, click on DRIVE.
Click on Idle to unroll the list.
Select Continous.
Insert the Velocity. Ex: 500 Rpm or 10hz
Insert Acceleration and Deceleration time (or leave default). Ex: 5s
Activate the Temperature Chamber [heat,cool]
In the same Standard step, click on TEMPERATURE.
Click on Idle
Select Lower Chamber.
Enter the C° temperature to reach for.
Press ENTER.
This temperature will be reach at the start of the step.
Click NEXT to go to the next Window.
When Only Idle appear → The Temperature module is not properly selected → see Update the Components.
ℹ️
Idle: No temperature chamber action is done during the step.
Upper Heater: Sets the desired temperature of the upper heater (if available)
Lower Chamber: Sets the desired temperature of the lower chamber (if available)
Lower &Upper: Sets the temperature of the upper and lower chambers (if available)
Stop: Remove a previous defined temperature setpoint during the test.
Reciprocating Basic Recipe
Add a Standard Step
For more information
Principle of the STANDARD Step:
A standard step can combine multiple axis and module activations, such as applying a force (Z stage), enabling motion (Drive function), and heating the sample (Temperature function for chambers).
During this combinated step, the force is first applied and stabilized. Then, if a heating chamber is used, the defined temperature is reached. Finally, the drive type of motion drive is activated and the duration starts.(unless the engage parameters are modified).
Standard Individual step modification window
Part 1: Duration
Duration window
Duration of the step
In this window you can control the duration of the step.
The highlighted button allows the user to automatically calculate the duration of the step if the parameters selected offers to do so with a defined duration of a single repetition and certain number of repetitions (Slide for example)
By default, the logging and time duration start after the force is reached. (see Waiting for force/temperature to settle further)
Part 2: Reset
Reset window
In this window you can reset the value of Fx at the beginning of the step. If it is unchecked, the Fx value will not be subjected to any reset.
This option is necessary to be pressed only when there is an offset of the Fx value at the beginning of the test (1D+1D arm), it will create issues in most cases when using a 2D Load Cell.
Part 3: Data Logging
Data logging window
Checking “Log during this step” will record the test data during the step. If it remains unchecked, no data will be logged for this step.
In case the user wants to divide the data logging into smaller periods, he can modify the values of “Log Period” and “Log Interval”.
Log period (seconds): The duration of the log period.
Log Interval (seconds): The duration of the interval between 2 log periods.
Part 4: Force
Force window
Force options:
Constant: The step is run at a constant value of force. For example: 10N.
Linear: The step is run in linearly increasing or decreasing force for the entire step duration. For example: 5N to 20N. So, the slope's steepness will depend on the duration of the time period.
Undefined: No force control and regulation. Z drive shall remain at the same position throughout the step, this is the equivalent of the Idle state. Use this options if you only use the drive or the temperature during this step for example.
⚠️
The Z-Axis will reach out for a contact when applying a constant force of 0 N as opposed to the undefined option.
Each force are defined for each step, this aspect must be taken in consideration, meaning that the same force must be defined each step to keep applying the desired force throughout the run-test.
Tracking : Adjusting the reaction time
Tracking options:
Low: Reduces the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too strongly to a slow Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
Standard: To be used in most cases.
High: Increases the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too slowly to a rapid Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
We highly recommend to use the Standard tracking. However, if the tracking of the force is not satisfactory, you can try other possibilities or contact Rtec customer service if you cannot obtain a satisfactory tracking of the force
Click the drop-down menu and select Standard.
Click ADD a new step.
Define the duration of the step in the DURATION Section.
Define a constant or linear force within the range of the sensors and suspension.
Press ENTER.
⚠️
Remember to define values below the limits of your load cell and suspension.
(Refer to the load cell manual, suspension section for help)
Activate the Drive
For more information
Drive motion
The action type might change based on the drive selected.
Idle: If this action is selected, the drive doesn’t move during this step.
Cycle:Oscillates the drive in counter and clockwise directions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions before it changes direction.
ℹ️
If the number of revolutions entered is below 1, the rotary drive will realize a reciprocating-like rotary movement.
Velocity (rpm): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Slide: Moves the drive for a fixed number of revolutions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions to be realized.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Continuous: Moves the drive at constant velocity in counter or clockwise direction.
Direction: CW for clockwise, CCW for counterclockwise direction.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Move to Angle: Moves the drive to a nominal angle of the shaft
In the same Standard Step, click on DRIVE.
Click on Idle to unroll the list.
Select Continous.
Insert the Velocity. Ex: 500 Rpm or 10hz
Insert Acceleration and Deceleration time (or leave default). Ex: 5s
Activate the Temperature Chamber [heat,cool]
In the same Standard step, click on TEMPERATURE.
Click on Idle
Select Lower Chamber.
Enter the C° temperature to reach for.
Press ENTER.
This temperature will be reach at the start of the step.
Click NEXT to go to the next Window.
When Only Idle appear → The Temperature module is not properly selected → see Update the Components.
ℹ️
Idle: No temperature chamber action is done during the step.
Upper Heater: Sets the desired temperature of the upper heater (if available)
Lower Chamber: Sets the desired temperature of the lower chamber (if available)
Lower &Upper: Sets the temperature of the upper and lower chambers (if available)
Stop: Remove a previous defined temperature setpoint during the test.
BOR Basic Recipe
Add a Standard Step
For more information
Principle of the STANDARD Step:
A standard step can combine multiple axis and module activations, such as applying a force (Z stage), enabling motion (Drive function), and heating the sample (Temperature function for chambers).
During this combinated step, the force is first applied and stabilized. Then, if a heating chamber is used, the defined temperature is reached. Finally, the drive type of motion drive is activated and the duration starts.(unless the engage parameters are modified).
Standard Individual step modification window
Part 1: Duration
Duration window
Duration of the step
In this window you can control the duration of the step.
The highlighted button allows the user to automatically calculate the duration of the step if the parameters selected offers to do so with a defined duration of a single repetition and certain number of repetitions (Slide for example)
By default, the logging and time duration start after the force is reached. (see Waiting for force/temperature to settle further)
Part 2: Reset
Reset window
In this window you can reset the value of Fx at the beginning of the step. If it is unchecked, the Fx value will not be subjected to any reset.
This option is necessary to be pressed only when there is an offset of the Fx value at the beginning of the test (1D+1D arm), it will create issues in most cases when using a 2D Load Cell.
Part 3: Data Logging
Data logging window
Checking “Log during this step” will record the test data during the step. If it remains unchecked, no data will be logged for this step.
In case the user wants to divide the data logging into smaller periods, he can modify the values of “Log Period” and “Log Interval”.
Log period (seconds): The duration of the log period.
Log Interval (seconds): The duration of the interval between 2 log periods.
Part 4: Force
Force window
Force options:
Constant: The step is run at a constant value of force. For example: 10N.
Linear: The step is run in linearly increasing or decreasing force for the entire step duration. For example: 5N to 20N. So, the slope's steepness will depend on the duration of the time period.
Undefined: No force control and regulation. Z drive shall remain at the same position throughout the step, this is the equivalent of the Idle state. Use this options if you only use the drive or the temperature during this step for example.
⚠️
The Z-Axis will reach out for a contact when applying a constant force of 0 N as opposed to the undefined option.
Each force are defined for each step, this aspect must be taken in consideration, meaning that the same force must be defined each step to keep applying the desired force throughout the run-test.
Tracking : Adjusting the reaction time
Tracking options:
Low: Reduces the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too strongly to a slow Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
Standard: To be used in most cases.
High: Increases the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too slowly to a rapid Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
We highly recommend to use the Standard tracking. However, if the tracking of the force is not satisfactory, you can try other possibilities or contact Rtec customer service if you cannot obtain a satisfactory tracking of the force
Click the drop-down menu and select Standard.
Click ADD a new step.
Define the duration of the step in the DURATION Section.
Define a constant or linear force within the range of the sensors and suspension.
Press ENTER.
⚠️
Remember to define values below the limits of your load cell and suspension.
(Refer to the load cell manual, suspension section for help)
Activate the Drive
For more information
Drive motion
The action type might change based on the drive selected.
Idle: If this action is selected, the drive doesn’t move during this step.
Cycle:Oscillates the drive in counter and clockwise directions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions before it changes direction.
ℹ️
If the number of revolutions entered is below 1, the rotary drive will realize a reciprocating-like rotary movement.
Velocity (rpm): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Slide: Moves the drive for a fixed number of revolutions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions to be realized.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Continuous: Moves the drive at constant velocity in counter or clockwise direction.
Direction: CW for clockwise, CCW for counterclockwise direction.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Move to Angle: Moves the drive to a nominal angle of the shaft
In the same Standard Step, click on DRIVE.
Click on Idle to unroll the list.
Select Continous.
Insert the Velocity. Ex: 500 Rpm or 10hz
Insert Acceleration and Deceleration time (or leave default). Ex: 5s
Enter the Effective Radius [bor,urota,4ball]
The value inserted in this animation is an example.
In the same Standard step, click on the free area next to Effective Radius(mm).
Enter 34.93 for the default ring.(Refer to the Help section for other samples).
{{if bor}}
Enter 4.49 (mm). {{if 4ball}}
Help
BOR Effective Radius Calculations
For Block On Ring test, the Friction Coefficient (COF-Torque) is calculated using the effective radius entered in the “Radius” field of the previous window.
The effective radius of the block on ring depends on the amount of contact areas where the friction occurs:
Ring test: Only one single contact point at the radius of the ring.
“Radius” = Radius of the ring (mm).
Bearing test: Two contact points: One between the balls and the inner ring and a second one between the balls and the outer ring.
“Radius” = Effective radius of the 2 contact areas (mm).
The effective radius can be estimated as follows:
Ff,i being the friction force at a specific contact radius.
{{if bor}}
{{if 4ball}}
4Ball Effective Radius Calculations
Four 12.7mm (0.5”) balls are used in the 4Ball test. The following calculation explains why an effective radius of 4.49 needs to be selected in the software for this specific test method:
The radius selected will be defined for the whole recipe and registered in the sample information section.
Activate the Temperature Chamber [heat,cool]
In the same Standard step, click on TEMPERATURE.
Click on Idle
Select Lower Chamber.
Enter the C° temperature to reach for.
Press ENTER.
This temperature will be reach at the start of the step.
Click NEXT to go to the next Window.
When Only Idle appear → The Temperature module is not properly selected → see Update the Components.
ℹ️
Idle: No temperature chamber action is done during the step.
Upper Heater: Sets the desired temperature of the upper heater (if available)
Lower Chamber: Sets the desired temperature of the lower chamber (if available)
Lower &Upper: Sets the temperature of the upper and lower chambers (if available)
Stop: Remove a previous defined temperature setpoint during the test.
4Ball Basic Recipe
Add a Standard Step
For more information
Principle of the STANDARD Step:
A standard step can combine multiple axis and module activations, such as applying a force (Z stage), enabling motion (Drive function), and heating the sample (Temperature function for chambers).
During this combinated step, the force is first applied and stabilized. Then, if a heating chamber is used, the defined temperature is reached. Finally, the drive type of motion drive is activated and the duration starts.(unless the engage parameters are modified).
Standard Individual step modification window
Part 1: Duration
Duration window
Duration of the step
In this window you can control the duration of the step.
The highlighted button allows the user to automatically calculate the duration of the step if the parameters selected offers to do so with a defined duration of a single repetition and certain number of repetitions (Slide for example)
By default, the logging and time duration start after the force is reached. (see Waiting for force/temperature to settle further)
Part 2: Reset
Reset window
In this window you can reset the value of Fx at the beginning of the step. If it is unchecked, the Fx value will not be subjected to any reset.
This option is necessary to be pressed only when there is an offset of the Fx value at the beginning of the test (1D+1D arm), it will create issues in most cases when using a 2D Load Cell.
Part 3: Data Logging
Data logging window
Checking “Log during this step” will record the test data during the step. If it remains unchecked, no data will be logged for this step.
In case the user wants to divide the data logging into smaller periods, he can modify the values of “Log Period” and “Log Interval”.
Log period (seconds): The duration of the log period.
Log Interval (seconds): The duration of the interval between 2 log periods.
Part 4: Force
Force window
Force options:
Constant: The step is run at a constant value of force. For example: 10N.
Linear: The step is run in linearly increasing or decreasing force for the entire step duration. For example: 5N to 20N. So, the slope's steepness will depend on the duration of the time period.
Undefined: No force control and regulation. Z drive shall remain at the same position throughout the step, this is the equivalent of the Idle state. Use this options if you only use the drive or the temperature during this step for example.
⚠️
The Z-Axis will reach out for a contact when applying a constant force of 0 N as opposed to the undefined option.
Each force are defined for each step, this aspect must be taken in consideration, meaning that the same force must be defined each step to keep applying the desired force throughout the run-test.
Tracking : Adjusting the reaction time
Tracking options:
Low: Reduces the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too strongly to a slow Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
Standard: To be used in most cases.
High: Increases the Fz reaction time and adjustment intensity. Only to be used if the standard option is adjusting too slowly to a rapid Fz evolution (Tests with fast and high Z displacement).
We highly recommend to use the Standard tracking. However, if the tracking of the force is not satisfactory, you can try other possibilities or contact Rtec customer service if you cannot obtain a satisfactory tracking of the force
Click the drop-down menu and select Standard.
Click ADD a new step.
Define the duration of the step in the DURATION Section.
Define a constant or linear force within the range of the sensors and suspension.
Press ENTER.
⚠️
Remember to define values below the limits of your load cell and suspension.
(Refer to the load cell manual, suspension section for help)
Activate the Drive
For more information
Drive motion
The action type might change based on the drive selected.
Idle: If this action is selected, the drive doesn’t move during this step.
Cycle:Oscillates the drive in counter and clockwise directions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions before it changes direction.
ℹ️
If the number of revolutions entered is below 1, the rotary drive will realize a reciprocating-like rotary movement.
Velocity (rpm): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Slide: Moves the drive for a fixed number of revolutions.
Revolution: Number of revolutions to be realized.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Continuous: Moves the drive at constant velocity in counter or clockwise direction.
Direction: CW for clockwise, CCW for counterclockwise direction.
Velocity (rpm/Hz): Final velocity of displacement after the acceleration phase.
Acceleration (s): Acceleration phase duration.
Move to Angle: Moves the drive to a nominal angle of the shaft
In the same Standard Step, click on DRIVE.
Click on Idle to unroll the list.
Select Continous.
Insert the Velocity. Ex: 500 Rpm or 10hz
Insert Acceleration and Deceleration time (or leave default). Ex: 5s
Enter the 4Ball Effective Radius {{if upper-rotary,4ball}}
In the same Standard step, click on the free area next to Effective Radius(mm).
Enter 4.49.
Help
Activate the Temperature Chamber [heat,cool]
In the same Standard step, click on TEMPERATURE.
Click on Idle
Select Lower Chamber.
Enter the C° temperature to reach for.
Press ENTER.
This temperature will be reach at the start of the step.
Click NEXT to go to the next Window.
When Only Idle appear → The Temperature module is not properly selected → see Update the Components.
ℹ️
Idle: No temperature chamber action is done during the step.
Upper Heater: Sets the desired temperature of the upper heater (if available)
Lower Chamber: Sets the desired temperature of the lower chamber (if available)
Lower &Upper: Sets the temperature of the upper and lower chambers (if available)
Stop: Remove a previous defined temperature setpoint during the test.
Press DATA LOGGING window
(skipping optional window)
Introduce the components
Save the destination file
In the Data logging Window
Click OPEN LOG FILE.
Name and save the data file into a folder.
Leave the sampling rate by Default, or please refer to the recommendations below.
Modules with Rotation
→ Such as Rotary, Block On Ring, Upper Rotary ,4Ball, TapTorque
Sampling rate (Hz) = max. Rpm/2
Your velocity value defined in the standard step for the test
Ex: 1 Khz for a drive velocity of 2000RPM
Averaging = 5
Modules with Reciprocating motion
→ Such as X, Y Stage Reciprocating, Linear Reciprocating and VoiceCoil
Sampling rate (Hz) = max. Freq (Hz)*30
Your frequency value defined in the standard step for the test
Ex: 0.3 Khz for a drive frequency of 10 Hz.
Averaging = 2
Other Modules ex: Scratch
Sampling rate (Hz) = 1-10Khz Averaging = 1-5
For more information
Select the components
Please refer to this animation as an example only.
Left column: Click on the component.
Click ADD.
Rotary & Reciprocating
Fz
Fx
COF
Z Position
Velocity
Temperature if installed
Temperature
Select LVDT when this option have been purchased with the Reciprocating module
LVDT
BOR & 4Ball
Fz
Ts or Fx
COF
Z Position
Velocity
Temperature if installed
Temperature
Every other Modules Component Selection
HFFR
Fz
FxF
FxF RMS
COF
Z Position
RMS-Lvdt
Temperature if installed
Temperature
MTM
SRV
Fz
Fx
Fx-Piezo RMS
Fx-Piezo Peak
COF
Z Position
LVDT
Temperature if installed
Temperature
Feel free to also loggin additional components that may be relevant for this familiarization test.
Q&A
If you cannot introduce the sensors installed → Refer to the previous Update the configuration Step
For more information
Press RUN window
(skipping optional window)
Run the Test
In the RUN window
Bias all the sensors
⚠️
Ensure that the sensors return coherent values within their measurement range.
Please refer to this animation as an example only.
On the right colum: CHANNEL DATA ,press the Red Bias Button next to each force/torque sensors.
Bias the Fz sensor.
Confirm the biasing operation. (Yes)
Bias the Fx sensor.
Other Sensors to bias when installed : Fx-piezo, Tz, TS, 6D
Check the temperature cable (refer to the hardware manual for help) Addionaly, ensure that the temperature box switch is on, the green led must be on when the recipe is started and a temperature is defined into the step.
When defining a medium or low temperature ,make sure to select the Temperature Option the closest to the specified value.(Due to a unappropriate PID regulation) ex: 180° Option instead of the hightest option related to your chamber.
This error typically occurs when communication to the DAQ box is interrupted or lost. To resolve it, restart the software or reconnect the USB cable from the DAQ box.
Close the MFT software and the controller running in background → reconnect the USB cable from the motion box (see index software) → turn on the MFT software again.
The window with the display of all sensor channels may be wrongly displayed. (“Subset” is shown or not). 1. Please go to the window “Data logging,” 2. Click on “Verify,” 3. Go back to the display window for all sensor channels. The signal sensors must be correctly displayed.
1. Please go to the configurator window(see Update the configuration step for help) 2. Naviguate to the sensors triggering this message. 3. Next to the Options selection, Press Advanced. 4. Increase the Limit offset so that you can bias the sensor. 5. Please Repeat the Bias Operation.
No Drive is connected. 1. Ensure that the 2 drive cables are connected to the tester 2. Restart the software.
The sensors signal seems incoherent → Confirm the adequate sensor range (see Update the configuration step for help) Contact Rtec Support if persistent.
The graph appear black → You must have exceeded the limit of 6 Charts in the data logging window.
Unable to Bias : Exceding the limit offset message
Please go to the configurator window (see Update the configuration step for help)
Naviguate to the sensors triggering this message.
Next to the Options selection, Press Advanced.
Increase the Limit offset so that you can bias the sensor.
Please Repeat the Bias Operation.
Wrong Display of Sensor Signals
The window with the display of all sensor channels may be wrongly displayed. (“Subset” is shown or not).
Please go to the window “Data logging,”
Click on “Verify,”
Go back to the display window for all sensor channels. The signal sensors must be correctly displayed.
The run screen is frozen
Close the MFT software and the controller running in background → reconnect the USB cable from the motion box (see index software) → turn on the MFT software again.
Temperature sensor is not detected and indicate -999°C → Verify the connection in the hardware installation + Follow the selecting the components step
For more information
All load cells are factory-calibrated. For further assistance, please contact your provided or Rtec support.
The sensors can be biased automatically, but this can be considered an advanced step for initial familiarization. More advanced procedures can be found in the Additional Optional Step section at the end of the manual.
Do the Homing
⚠️
Before homing, ensure that the X, Y, and Z stages are free of physical obstructions and that all disconnected cables are properly placed in their holders.
Chamber: Remove the chamber lids before homing as the upper shaft may collide with the lids.
Do the homing by clicking on the HOME.
Once done, Homing indicator bar turns green.
The current position is now set as the homing (0) position for all axes.
Q&A
Sorted Customer Q/A
Table
Question / Issue Encountered 1
Answer / Solution
_
The software say that homing is required after severals homing operation.
There is no X-Y motorized table, the component table must be updated. 1. Go to the configurator 2. in the XYZ section 3. Select Z Stage Only
When Homed: The upper component is positioned and centered relative to the XY stage. The Z drive is retracted to the top.
Homing position is retained after software restart. (“Last homed with:” appear on the left indicator bar.)
Homing is lost after machine restart or emergency stop, when you close Rtec Controller (it can be in the hidden icons).
If the tester is not homed and you try to run the recipe, a warning message will pop up.
If a reposition step is used in the recipe, you cannot run the test until the tester is homed.
Position the upper holder over the sample
Perform a manual coarse approach to minimize the recipe engage time while ensuring that the upper holder is positionned over the testing aera.
Lower the Z-Axis all the way down.
Lower the Z-Stage using the jogbox
Move the X-Y axis to choose the working area on the sample.
⚠️
Important Operation only for Rotary and 4ball
Rotary alignement
You dont need to change the homing position after ball or sample replacement. However, if you previously installed the drive or the load cell, you must manually center the ball holder to the center of the sample holder and save this new homing position. Please follow the “Setting a new X Y Position as Home” Step
4Ball alignement
Do a coarse approach manually using the jogbox.
While doing it, you can visually ensure that the upper holder reach the ball without colding with the inner ring of the nut.
You can move the 4-ball container by hand to observe the degree of X–Y movement allowed by the self-centering platform.
The self-adjusting platform will guarantee the fine alignment on the initial approach and during the test.
⚠️
If the ball holder reaches or contacts the inner edge of the nut, even within the self-displacement range of the plaftorm, the homing position is misaligned. In this case, please proceed to the homing correction step.
Setting a new X Y Position as Home
The homing must have been done. The ball holder is manually aligned to the lower drive’s center.
Go to the ConfigurationWindow.
Press CONFIG in the XYZ section.
Then press SAVE TO FILE and SAVE CONFIGURATION.
After the software has restarted, pleasdo the homing again.
Q&A
For more information
Machine manual control allows the user to manually control the displacement of the X, Y, Z stage and the module installed.
The last button (“Distance”) allows the user to move the axis by a specific distance (mm) in a positive or negative direction.
By dragging the slider on the right of the window, you can uncover other parameters.
Vel: It is the displacement value (in mm/s) of the X, Y platform when moving the X, Y platform using the machine manual control upper window.
Move Abs XY: This part will be available if the tester is homed. It allows the user to move to a specific absolute position of the X, Y platform (based on the home position). The button on the left refreshes the current XY position. You can enter the X and Y absolute position in the free space and then press ”XY Move” to move to this absolute position.
⚠️
In the current version, the move Abs XY may have some problems.
it is recommended to use the “Distance” of manual control explained previously.
Verify Drive Operation
It is recommended to manually check the drive proper working to ensure the drive is not obstructed.
Ex: To ensure the upper shaft stay within the working sample area during the reciprocating motion.
Please refer to this animation as an example only.
Select a low Velocity value (ex: 30RPM / 0.5Hz).
Press the Clockwise arrow to start the drive motion.
Press the Red square to stop the motion.
Help
You must press the stop button after adjusting the velocity to apply a new one.
The velocity defined in this section does not affect the configured recipe or the test execution.
The 2 Rulers button on the far right allows you to set a number of rotations / cycles
Start the Test
Press the Start icon.
Wait for the test finished dialog to appear.
Q&A
Sorted Customer Q/A
Table
Question / Issue Encountered 1
Answer / Solution
_
The software say that homing is required after severals homing operation.
There is no X-Y motorized table, the component table must be updated. 1. Go to the configurator 2. in the XYZ section 3. Select Z Stage Only
Unable to Bias : Exceding the limit offset message
1. Please go to the configurator window(see Update the configuration step for help) 2. Naviguate to the sensors triggering this message. 3. Next to the Options selection, Press Advanced. 4. Increase the Limit offset so that you can bias the sensor. 5. Please Repeat the Bias Operation.
The window with the display of all sensor channels may be wrongly displayed. (“Subset” is shown or not). 1. Please go to the window “Data logging,” 2. Click on “Verify,” 3. Go back to the display window for all sensor channels. The signal sensors must be correctly displayed.
Close the MFT software and the controller running in background → reconnect the USB cable from the motion box (see index software) → turn on the MFT software again.
The Chamber struggle to reach the defined temperature
When defining a medium or low temperature ,make sure to select the Temperature Option the closest to the specified value.(Due to a unappropriate PID regulation) ex: 180° Option instead of the hightest option related to your chamber.
The temperature is still not activating and increasing
Check the temperature cable (refer to the hardware manual for help) Addionaly, ensure that the temperature box switch is on, the green led must be on when the recipe is started and a temperature is defined into the step.
Temperature sensor is not detected and indicate -999°C
Verify the connection in the hardware installation. Then, Follow the Update the configuration Step.
The Heating Chamber is not instantly activating
The force first is reached, then the temperature is increasing. See Optionals Step at the end of the manual
The Chamber struggle to reach the defined temperature
When defining a medium or low temperature ,make sure to select the Temperature Option the closest to the specified value.(Due to a unappropriate PID regulation) ex: 180° Option instead of the hightest option related to your chamber.
The temperature is still not activating and increasing
Check the temperature cable (refer to the hardware manual for help) Addionaly, ensure that the temperature box switch is on, the green led must be on when the recipe is started and a temperature is defined into the step.
Open the Result
Minimize the Rtec Software to return to the Desktop.
Double-Click on the Rtec Viewer Icon.
Navigate to the explorer to import the .CSV result file now exported.
Click Files.
Click All Steps.
Press Refresh.
Select the components to review Ex: Fz, COF, Temperature
Right-Click on the Graph and Set Scale to Defaut.
You can press CTRL to review multiple components on the graph.
Help
Sorted Customer Q/A
Table
Question / Issue Encountered 1
Answer / Solution
_
Why can’t I set Multiple Auto Offset above 0.2 mm?
The Offset max equals the Scratch step Back Scan. Increase Back Scan to raise the Offset limit.
The temperature is still not activating and increasing
Check the temperature cable (refer to the hardware manual for help) Addionaly, ensure that the temperature box switch is on, the green led must be on when the recipe is started and a temperature is defined into the step.
The Chamber struggle to reach the defined temperature
When defining a medium or low temperature ,make sure to select the Temperature Option the closest to the specified value.(Due to a unappropriate PID regulation) ex: 180° Option instead of the hightest option related to your chamber.
This error typically occurs when communication to the DAQ box is interrupted or lost. To resolve it, restart the software or reconnect the USB cable from the DAQ box.
Close the MFT software and the controller running in background → reconnect the USB cable from the motion box (see index software) → turn on the MFT software again.
The window with the display of all sensor channels may be wrongly displayed. (“Subset” is shown or not). 1. Please go to the window “Data logging,” 2. Click on “Verify,” 3. Go back to the display window for all sensor channels. The signal sensors must be correctly displayed.
Unable to Bias : Exceding the limit offset message
1. Please go to the configurator window(see Update the configuration step for help) 2. Naviguate to the sensors triggering this message. 3. Next to the Options selection, Press Advanced. 4. Increase the Limit offset so that you can bias the sensor. 5. Please Repeat the Bias Operation.
Some optionnal windows have been intentionally skipped during the basic procedure to simplify the initial familiarization process.
Automatic Reposition step are often used in most of the recipe to automatically start the test with biased sensors and a defined sample position.
Adjusting General Parameters
Engage Parameters
Wait for the force to settle
The defined force is reached before the duration time start and the drive activation.
The approaching stage will not be saved into the data logging if checked. If the engaging period is a requiered data log, please uncheck this box.
⚠️
If unchecked
You must then take into consideration the approach duration into the step plus the time to fully apply the force on the sample.
A too short duration for the force to be properly applied will lead to an incomplete steps application and unexpected result of the final test.
Disengage at test end
the Z drive automatically move back to the Z starting position
It can be higher or lower than final position)
Unchecked, the Z drive will stay at the final position when the test ends.
Engage Velocity
This option allows the user to set the approaching speed of the Z drive towards the lower sample.
Low: Recommended for very low force and sensitive application. The touch force will not reach high values.
Medium: Recommended for most cases, the velocity will be faster than Low engage velocity but the touch force will still be relatively low.
High: High engage speed to find the touch point rapidly. Brings higher touch force. for relative high load application (>500N), this engage speed is useful to quickly reach the sample and desired force. However it is not recommended for lower load application because of the significant overshoot provoked.
It is recommended to adapt the engage velocity to every situation and to always perform an initial coarse approach using the jogbox.
Automatic Sensor Biasing at Start
Click ADD.
Select type : REPOSITION.
Click ADD ITEM on the top left.
Double-click on the new command line inserted.
Select Sensor.Reset Fz.
Same manner, add the second Sensor.Reset Fx.
Please Leave the reset value number 1 default (not affecting the command).
This Reposition Step must be inserted or moved to the FIRST Position if created for this purpose.
At the start of the recipe, the selected sensors will be biased.
Sensors to bias
Fz, Fx, Fx-piezo, Tz, TS, 6D
⚠️ Sensors not to bias
IRT, IndenterDepth, CAP, AE, LVDT, ECR, Analog Input
Automatic Sample Positioning at Start
Click the drop-down menu and select Reposition.
Click ADD a new step.
Click ADD a new item.
Click 3 times on Z.Velocity to get the dropdown menu
Click on Y.Position.
Press ENTER.
Enter the radius desired in Value.
Realize similar operations (steps 3 to 7) for X,Y,Z.Position or X,Y,Z.Velocity.
⚠️
Mechanical system damage can occur if the custom step is incorrect. Please Read all the information below before operating:
As all the motions are executed in order: Velocity must be placed before an offset or position (X,Y,Z.Offset or X,Y,Z.Position) to operate with the defined speed. (otherwise, the default velocity will be applied to the displacement).
If the starting position is lower than the previous position of the reposition, the reposition step will still go down to the original recipe position.
For additional reposition step placed during the recipe, please unmark “disengage Z before reposition”.
The reposition step allows for the movement and control of different components without any testing. This step is typically used to position samples, move to a new location, reset sensors…
For more information
Reposition step window
Part 1: General functions
“Log during this step”: If checked, logs the data of the reposition parts.
“Disengage Z (Before Reposition)”: Disengages Z to the starting position of the recipe to avoid any contact with the sample during the reposition step.
Remove item: Remove one of the items in the reposition step
Add item: Add an item at the end of the reposition step
Insert item: Add an item before the one selected in the reposition step
Part 2: Reposition commands
There are several types of reposition commands depending on the type of modules installed:
Sensors Reset: Automatically biases the value read by the sensor. The value read at this step will become the new 0.00.
Sensors to bias
Sensor.Reset Fz: Biases the normal force sensor reading.
Sensor.Reset Fx / Fx-Piezo: Biases the lateral force sensor reading.
Sensor.Reset TS / Tz): Biases the torque sensor reading.
Sensors not to bias
Sensor.Reset LVDT: Biases the Linear Variable Different Transformer sensor.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset AE: Biases the Acoustic emission sensor.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset ECR: Biases the Electrical Contact Resistance.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset IRT: Biases the InfraRed Temperature sensor.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset IndenterDepth: Biases the Indenter Head capacitive sensor.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset CAP: Biases the scratch table capacitive sensor.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset AE: Biases the Acoustic Emission sensor.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
Sensor.Reset Analog Input: Biases the Analog Input.
Sensor value should be automatically biased during Production. This reset should not be performed
X, Y, Z, ZWLI axes:
(X/Y/Z).Position (mm): Positions the drive to the nominal value.
(X/Y/Z/ZWLI).Offset (mm): Positions the drive to a value that is an offset from the previous position. (ZWLI corresponds to Z2, the Imaging axis).
For example, if the previous X.Position is 1mm and X.Offset is -5, the new position will be -4.
(X/Y/Z/ZWLI).Velocity (mm): Sets the velocity of the axis. (ZWLI corresponds to Z2, the Imaging axis).
Z.Reset Depth: Biases the value of the Z.Depth parameter which can be selected in “Data Logging”.
Drives:
R/T.Move Angle: Move to a specific angle of the shaft (See Help)
The angle of the shaft is not a nominal value of the motor and will change after an instrument restart.
R/T.Reset Position: Sets the current shaft position as the new 0.00 angle. (Bias the angle value)
T.Rotate: Maintains the rotation of the motor during the reposition step. (See Help)
Scratch
Following points applicable to Scratch table:
T.Home: Goes to the home position of the scratch table metallic plate.
T.GoToTest: Moves the scratch table to a position where the CAP sensor detects the surface.
Help
Move to Angle is not working
You need to manually activate the drive and rotate it once for the motor to be able to receive the move to angle order (by using the rotation manual control for example)
The motion is not maintained during the reposition step
If you would like to maintain the motor motion during a reposition step (which was set prior to that reposition step), you will need to insert a custom step with the same motion parameters as the ones at the end of the standard step (Velocity, Direction…).
Without custom step
With custom step
Applying Conditions Based on Component Feedback
Press Recipe Parameters Window
Exemple: Aborting the recipe if the COF is too high
Press Advanced.
Select the desired step on the step column.
Unroll the Action list to select Abort_Recipe.
Select the DAQ.COF Component.
Function, ABS for absolute value.
Select > or ≥
Enter the maxium value Ex: When COF Value = 0.6
Leave AND.
Press ADD in the right column. The Condition appear on the very right column.
(Optional) Press Apply to all steps to apply this condition to every step
For more information
Exemple of conditions
Aborting the step when the Zdepth is reached
Aborting the loop when the temperature reached
Aborting the recipe when the COF is reaching a certain value during an incremental loop.
To modify an existing condition:
Select the created condition on the right column
Modify the condition parameters.
Press UPDATE.
(Optional) Press Apply to all steps to apply this condition to every step
Stop conditions functions
Abort_Recipe: Applying this action to a recipe step will abort the recipe, show ing end of the test alert.
Abort_Step: Applying this action to a recipe step will abort the step.
Abort_Loop: Applying this action to a recipe step will abort the loop.
Component: This section allows a user to select a test parameter, such as COF, FZ, FX, Temperature, Z depth, etc. Based on the selected test parameter, a user can either opt to abort a step, loop, or recipe.
Function:It allows a user to select/apply the absolute function (“ABS”).
Operator: This section allows a user to apply Boolean operators to an abort step.
Value: The user can enter the desired stop value for the selected test parameter to an abort step condition.
Join: Several logical parameters from the conditions summary window can be used alone or with “AND/OR” conditions.
Using Loop for Repetition or Incremental Step
The Loop step allows for the repetition of certain steps in the recipe.
⚠️
Mechanical system damage can occur if the custom step is incorrect. Please Read all the information below before operating.
From Step: Step beginning the loop.
Loop For: Number of repetitions of the loop. For example: Loop for 2 = 2 iterations of the loop (initial step plus another one).
Delay: Delay between 2 repetitions of the loop (in seconds).
Enable disengage Z*: If checked, the Z drive will automatically move to the Z starting position (it can be higher or lower than final position) before starting the other loop. If it is unchecked, the Z drive will stay at the final position when the test ends.
Filling the Sample Information
Sample Info window
The sample information allows a user to save some information on the test conditions in the saved file.
Most of this information will not enter into the test conditions but will simply offer the user a better tracking of the test conditions.
To get access to it:
Open the .csv file using a spreadsheet software.
In the second row you will see all the information selected in the “Sample Info” window.
“Radius” is used for the specific COF calculations (COF-Torque and COF-Tz where radius is the effective radius of the contact plan)
Setting a new X Y Position as Home
The homing must have been done. The ball holder is manually aligned to the lower drive’s center.
Go to the ConfigurationWindow.
Press CONFIG in the XYZ section.
Then press SAVE TO FILE and SAVE CONFIGURATION.
After the software has restarted, do the homing again.
Performing Tests as an End User
⚠️
Before operating the tester with the Basic software in low-level mode, the following conditions must be met:
End users must understand the basic principles of sensor operation and their limitations.
A predefined component configuration has been created and verified prior to loading.
The recipe must be validated by trained user to ensure that risks of collision or overload are addressed and minimized during execution.
Load the Configuration
Open the configuration box in your software (Icon on the top right corner of the screen).
Select the Recipe
Click on “Run A Recipe”
The following window appears:
Select the desired recipe and click on “Select”.
Window explanation
Select a recipe to run
All the recipes that have been authorized in the Expert Mode will be displayed here.
Machine manual control
Machine manual control window.
Machine manual control upper left window.
Machine manual control allows the user to manually control the displacement of the X, Y, Z stage and the module installed.
For X, Y and Z, the 2 first buttons move the axis in the direction of the button whenever pressed. The last button (“Distance”) allows the user to move the axis by a specific distance in a positive or negative direction.
Machine manual controller lower left window
By dragging the slider on the right of the window, you can uncover other parameters.
Vel: It is the displacement value (in mm/s) of the X, Y platform when moving the X, Y platform using the machine manual control upper window.
Move Abs XY: This part will be available if the tester is homed. It allows the user to move to a specific absolute position of the X, Y platform. This position is defined based on the home position. The button on the left refreshes the current XY position. You can enter the X and Y absolute position in the free space and then press ”XY Move” to move to this absolute position.
In the current version, the move Abs XY may have some problems, it is recommended to use the “Distance” of manual control explained previously.
Teach Offset: This parameter is used to teach the offset between the testing and imaging position of the tester. This is the part where you can do the inline imaging calibration. It will be introduced further in Part 2.2.2.4.1.
Move Offset: This parameter is used to automatically move between the testing and imaging position.
TEST => IMG: The platform goes from the test position (where the sample is located below the load cell) to the imaging position (where the sample is located below the imaging head)
IMG => TEST: The platform goes from the imaging position (where the sample is located below the imaging head) to the test position (where the sample is located below the load cell).
Make sure that you are using the right move offset type. If you are in the test position and use “IMG => TEST”, the platform will go in the wrong direction. It will be stopped and the initial position will be lost.
The “Move Offset” needs to be calibrated in order to efficiently move between the testing and imaging positions. The calibration will be introduced further in Part 2.2.2.4.1.
Machine manual control right window
On the right side of the manual control window should be the manual module control. This window allows the user to manually use the module installed.
By clicking on the “ON” button, you can turn the motor off.
Next to it should be possible to modify an intrinsic parameter of the module: frequency (Hz), speed (RPM) etc…
The two buttons at the right start (Left one) and stop (Right one) the manual movement of the module.
The “Distance” button on the far right allows you to set a number of rotations / cycles.
Navigate to the home window
After selecting the recipe, it will appear as follows:
Firstly, click on “Change File” in the Part 2. This allows you to select the location at which the final file will be saved.
Then, fill the sample information in the Part 3 if necessary.
The data within the drop-down menu can be modified by clicking on the pink gear or in the expert mode.
Fill the information of the Environment and additional information in Part 4 if necessary.
Click on “Run View” in Part3.
Window Explanation
Recipe Steps Overview
It shows the summary of the steps in the recipe created in the Expert Mode.
Recipe Selection
The name of the selected recipe appears at the top. Clicking on “Load Recipe” brings you back to the previous recipe selection window. “Change File” needs to be clicked to modify the saving location. When pressing it, go to the desired location on the PC and click on “Open”.
Sample Information
Sample Info window
This window allows a user to save some information on the test conditions in the saved file.
To get access to it, open the .csv file using a spreadsheet software. In the second row you will see all the information selected in the “Sample Info” window.
Information recorded in the "Sample Info" window and retrieved using a spreadsheet
Most of this information will not enter into the test conditions but will simply offer the user a better tracking of the test conditions.
However, “Radius” is used for the specific COF calculations (COF-Torque and COF-Tz where radius is the effective radius of the contact plan)
Status
Following a Recipe (ASTM or Specific)
Please refer to the Add Stepsection of this manual, as well as the Additional Optional Stepssection for information and locations of the other functionalities.
All types of steps are available in the Edit Steps window.
(after creating or selecting a recipe)
Rotary Recipe
Preparation
Clean and Mount upper and lower samples.
for ASTM G99 standard: select appropriate samples according to.
Home the system and place the upper sample above the lower sample.
Create a new recipe, then follow the desired recipe steps below.
Simple rotary test
In the new recipe, Add the first Reposition Step
Sensor.Reset Fz: 1
Sensor.Reset Fx: 1
Y.Position: Your test radius value
X.Position: 0
⚠️
X axis Position must be at 0 for rotary tests
Most Rtec-Instruments load cells are designed to measure friction along the X-axis (Fx).
Because of this, it’s important to always set Y to a nominal value and X = 0. This ensures that all friction forces appear only along the X-axis, where the sensor can detect them.
If you adjust the radius along X, the friction force will shift to the Y direction (Fy). In that case, the load cell will not be able to measure it correctly, and it could even cause damage to the sensor.
Disengage Z: ✅
(Optional) rename it : Reset Sensor & Position
Add a Standard Rotary Step along with the followings drive motion.
Add a Standard Rotary Step
Duration: Your value
Force: Your value
Logging: ✅
Activate one of the following drive motion.
Continuous Rotary
Drive: Continuous
Parameters to be determined.
Reciprocating-like Rotary
Drive: Cycle
Revolutions: 0 to 1
Other parameters to be determined.
Spiral Rotary
Drive: Continuous
Parameters to be determined.
Y Axis: Slide
Distance: Smaller than the sample radius and larger than track diameter (to avoid passing twice on the same area)
(Optional) Add an Imaging Step.
Add a Loop/Delay Step from the Reposition Step 1.
Go to Data Logging
Sampling rate (Hz): max. RPM/2
Averaging: 5
Record: Fz & Fz, COF, Rotary Angle/Velocity Y position
Brake Pad : Rotary decelerating test
Reset Sensor & Position
Add a Reposition step
Sensor.Reset Fz: 1
Sensor.Reset Fx: 1
Y.Position: Your value
X.Position: 0
Disengage Z: ✅
Apply Desired Force
Add a Standard Step
Duration: 5 seconds
Force:Desired braking force.
Logging: No
Lift Up
Add a Reposition Step
Z.Velocity: 4mm/s
Z.Offset: 5mm
Disengage Z: ❌
Increase if the upper holder still touches the sample after this step.
Set Initial Velocity
Add a Custom Step
Using a custom step instead of a standard step is necessary to avoid that the motor stops during the following reposition step.
Continuous
Velocity: To be determined Initial breaking velocity.
Touch Down
Add a Reposition Step
Z.Velocity: 4mm/s
Z.Offset: -5mm (Or the Value entered previously)
Disengage Z: ❌
Breaking Duration
Add a Standard Step
Duration: Your Braking duration
Force: Your Braking force
Drive: Continuous
Velocity: Final Braking Velocity
Deceleration: Deceleration time between Initial speed (in Custom step) and final speed (in this standard step).
Optional: Temperature Verification
Add a Standard Step
Duration: 2 hours
Force: Undefined
Go to Recipe Parameters → Advanced
Abort_STEP
Temperature.IRT
<
Your temperature threshold to resume testing
Add a Loop/Delay Step from Step 1 with Disengage Z.
If you are simply interested in controlling the rotary decelerating time, you can use the same recipe and remove steps 3 and 5.
Go to Data Logging
Parameters
Sampling rate (Hz): max. RPM/2
Averaging: 5
Record:
Fz & Fx (or Tz)
COF
Rotary Angle/Velocity
Y position
Rtec Instruments ASTM G99 Test Protocol
⚠️
This procedure is based on the ASTM G99 Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus. The full standard is available from ASTM International (www.astm.org). This document is not a substitute for the official ASTM G99 standard.
Summary of Standard
This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the wear of materials during sliding using a pin-on-disk apparatus. Materials are tested in pairs under nominally non-abrasive conditions. For the pin-on-disk wear test, two specimens are required. One, a pin or ball that is positioned perpendicular to the other, usually a flat circular disk. The tester causes stationary pin/ball to press against the rotating disk at a known force and speed. During the test COF, friction, wear etc. parameters are measured and reported.
Pin On Disk Setup
This standard is applicable to metallic samples, non metallic, polymers, ceramics, composite materials etc.
Procedure
Check the hardware installation
After having followed the basic step-by-step software:
The upper load cell and lower rotary modules are properly installed following their respective steps.
The additional thermocouple must be connected in place at a location close to the wearing contact as indicated in ASTM G99. It is recommended to attach it to close to the ball as it is stationary during the test.
The software configuration have been followed, therefore, the temperature component is selected.
Right Click on the .rx file attached above, click on Save Link As and save the file to any location on the PC.
Start MFT, click on “Expert Mode” and press Add the recipe
Select saving directory and select the recipe downloaded.
Adjust the recipe parameters
Only Modify explicitely stated steps
Sensors Reset & Sample Positioning
Modify Reposition Step
Y.Position: Enter Test radius. G99 Guide: 16mm (32mm diameter)
Initial Force Application
Modify Standard Step
Force: Enter Test Force G99 Guide: 10N
ASTM G99 Test
Modify Standard Step
Duration: change to 100hrs
Force: Enter Test Force (Same as Step 2) G99 Guide: 10N
Drive: Continuous Linear Velocity (or Constant Linear Velocity when no XY table)
Linear Velocity (mm/s): Enter desired linear velocity
G99 Guide: 100 mm/s (0.1m/s)
Direction: To be determined
Modify the limit condition
Go to Recipe Parameters → Advanced
Click on Step 3
Click on the limit condition on the right
Change the limit value to the amount of revolutions you desire
G99 Guide: 10000 revs (1000m at 0.1m/s)
Go to Sample Info.
Parameters
Upper & Lower Sample information
Material Type
Form
Processing Treatments
Surface Finish
Specimen preparation procedures
Environment information
Temperature
Relative Humidity
Interfacial Media
Go to Data Logging
Logging Parameters
Sampling rate (Hz): Modify to max RPM/2
Data Collected:
Keep following items, add or remove if necessary:
Fz, Fx, COF, Y Position, Radius value , Rotary Position
,Accumulated Revolutions ,Rotary Linear Velocity (Sliding speed between surfaces), Temp-2
Temperature of one specimen close to the contact (using additional thermocouple)
Run the Recipe
Home the system and start the test in the Run tab.
After test completion, clean both upper and lower samples to remove any debris.
Measure the wear volume on the sample and pin.
Please refer to the Performing an Image Acquisition step for more
Rtec-Instruments Lambda Imaging Head provides accurate data for full wear analysis (stitching) or cross section wear area (single image).
Calculate Measurement uncertainty and perform other analysis by following ASTM G99 documentation.
Rtec Instruments Data Results
Universal ball Holder
440-C Stainless Steel Ball, Dia. 9mm
Stainless Steel Disk (2 inch)
Comparative test at 3 separate laboratories on G99 procedure.
Reciprocating Recipe
Clean and Mount upper and lower samples.
Home the system and place the upper sample above the lower sample.
Physically adjust the stroke.
Create a new recipe
Reciprocating module test
Add a Reposition step:
Sensor.Reset Fz: 1
Sensor.Reset Fx: 1
Disengage Z: ✅
Add a Standard step:
Duration: To be determined
Force: To be determined
Drive: Continuous
Parameters to be determined.
Logging: ✅
Optional with Imaging Head:
Add a Reposition step: Shaft goes to a specific angle, image always at the same part of the sample.
Move.Angle: 0
Add an Inline imaging step:
Inline Calibration to be performed
Image parameters to be selected (Top / Bottom / Objective used…)
Image type and parameters to be selected
Add a Reposition Step
Y.Offset: 3mm Moves the sample outside the existing track.
⚠️
When performing an Offset, make sure that it will not reach out of the sample during the whole recipe loops.
Add a Loop/Delay:
From: Reposition step
For: To be determined Number of iterations (including first one)
In Data Logging:
Sampling rate (Hz): max. Freq (Hz)*30
Averaging: 2
Record:
Fz & Fz
COF
Rotary Angle/Velocity
Y position
X-axis Reciprocating test
Add a Reposition step:
Sensor.Reset Fz: 1
Sensor.Reset Fx: 1
Disengage Z: ✅
Add a Standard step:
Duration: To be determined
Force: To be determined
Drive: X axis
⚠️
Only X-axis tests can be performed on most load cells.
Most Rtec-Instruments load cells are designed to measure friction along the X-axis (Fx).
Because of this, it’s important to always realize a X-axis reciprocating motion. This ensures that all friction forces appear only along the X-axis, where the sensor can detect them.
If you active the Y motion, the friction force will shift to the Y direction (Fy). In that case, the load cell will not be able to measure it correctly, and it could even cause damage to the sensor.
Parameters to be determined.
Logging: ✅
Optional with Imaging Head:
Add a Reposition step: Shaft goes to a specific angle, image always at the same part of the sample.
Move.Angle: 0
Add an Inline imaging step:
Inline Calibration to be performed
Image parameters to be selected (Top / Bottom / Objective used…)
Image type and parameters to be selected
Add a Reposition Step
Y.Offset: 3mm Moves the sample outside the existing track.
⚠️
When performing an Offset, make sure that it will not reach out of the sample during the whole recipe loops.
Add a Loop/Delay:
From: Reposition step
For: To be determined Number of iterations (including first one)
In Data Logging:
Sampling rate (Hz): max. Freq (Hz)*30
Averaging: 2
Record:
Fz & Fz
COF
Rotary Angle/Velocity
Y position
Rtec Instruments ASTM G133 Test Protocole
Not available - recipe created
TriboCorosion Test
Tribocorrosion evaluates how mechanical wear and electrochemical corrosion interact when a material is exposed to both sliding contact and a corrosive medium.
It simulates real service conditions to assess film stability, material loss, and wear–corrosion synergy.
Test Types:
Standard Tribocorrosion Test (OCP): No applied potential — measures natural potential (E(t)) to study film breakdown and repassivation.
Anodic Tribocorrosion Test: Constant applied potential — monitors current (I(t)) to assess wear–corrosion under controlled anodic protection conditions.
Standard Tribocorrosion Test
OCP test
This recipe evaluates natural corrosion and film repassivation behavior under sliding.
Polish a new sample, clean sequentially with acetone, isopropanol, and deionized water, dry with compressed air, then mount it in the tribo-corrosion cell and fill with fresh electrolyte.
Create a new recipe.
Add a Standard step (OCP Stabilization)
Duration: 15-30 mins (or until potential drift < 1–2 mV/min)
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: None
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive ON)
Duration: To be determined
Force: To be determined
Drive: Reciprocating Parameters to be determined
E-Test: None
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive OFF)
Duration: To be determined
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: None
Logging: Yes
Add a loop
From:Drive ON Step
For: To be determined
Logging: No
In Data Logging
Sampling rate (Hz): max. Freq (Hz)*30
Averaging: 2.
Record: “weVoltage”, “Current” and other tribological parameters.
Open Rtec Insight and compare the weVoltage [E(t)] between the sliding and idle steps to determine:
Potential Drop between no contact and sliding.
Recovery kinetics of repassivation. (see Help)
Retrieve OCP value for recipe 2.
Take a profilometer image of the wear mark to determine T:
T = Total material volume lost under mechanical and corrosion influence
Help
Determine Steps duration:
Focus on kinetics (how quickly the surface film breaks down and repassivates):
Drive ON: 60–120 s
Drive OFF: 180–300 s.
Focus on steady wear (long-term equilibrium behavior under sustained mechanical action):
Drive ON: 180–300 s
Drive OFF: 90–120 s.
Determine Reciprocating Parameters:
Define the reciprocating motion parameters (stroke length, frequency) that provide consistent mechanical contact and realistic wear conditions for your specific tribo-corrosion testing.
Parameter
Symbol
Typical Range
Stroke length
L
1–5 mm
Frequency
f
0.5–5 Hz
Normal load
Fₙ
Material-dependent
Repassivation kinetics (τ) — how to compute:
Extract the repassivation time constant τ by fitting the weVoltage curve using:
E(t)=E∞−(E∞−Emin)∗exp(−t/τ)
E(t): Potential at time t after sliding stops. Emin: The lowest potential right when sliding stops (most active state).
E∞: The final potential after full recovery (steady passive state).
t: Time after sliding stops.
τ: Time constant (s); after t=τ, recovery ≈63% complete
Cathodic Protection test
This recipe evaluates mechanical wear under suppressed corrosion to isolate W0.
Reuse the same sample on a new wear track (positioning the upper holder in a new location), clean it sequentially with acetone, isopropanol, and deionized water, dry with compressed air, then mount it in the tribo-corrosion cell and fill with fresh electrolyte.
Create a new recipe.
Add a Standard step (OCP Stabilization)
Duration: 15-30 mins (or until drift < 1–2 mV/min)
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: None
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Conditioning)
Duration: 10-15 mins
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: OCP - 350mV OCP Value from Recipe 1
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive ON)
Duration:Same as Drive ON in OCP test.
Force:Same as Drive ON in OCP test.
Drive: Reciprocating Same parameters as Drive ON in OCP test.
E-Test: OCP - 350mV OCP Value from Recipe 1
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive OFF)
Duration:Same as Drive OFF in OCP test.
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: OCP - 350mV OCP Value from Recipe 1
Logging: Yes
Add a loop
From:Drive ON Step
For:Same as OCP test
Logging: No
In Data Logging
Sampling rate (Hz): max. Freq (Hz)*30
Averaging: 2.
Record: “weVoltage”, “Current” and other tribological parameters.
Open Rtec Insight and compare the weVoltage [E(t)] between the sliding and idle steps to determine:
Stability of cathodic protection during sliding (verify current remains constant and small).
Absence of hydrogen evolution: confirm no large current spikes or oscillations.
If current fluctuates strongly or hydrogen bubbles appear, reduce the applied cathodic offset (use OCP − 300 mV or OCP − 250 mV).
Take a profilometer image of the wear mark to determine W0. W0: Total material volume lost without corrosion influence.
Tafel Plot
Open “Squidstat User Interface.exe”.
If prompted to update firmware → click “Postpone”
⚠️
Do not update Admiral Firmware if asked to. MFT software communication would be permanently lost by doing so.
Click on Linear Sweep Voltammetry
Change the Parameters to:
Select the Admiral Potentiostat.
Run the test
Plot:
log(I)=f(E)
Obtain E_corr and I_corr
Determine C0 by using the following formula:
C0=(Icorr∗t∗M)/(n∗F∗ρ)
Where:
t: Time of exposure (s): Total sliding duration (Drive ON periods) for the tribo-corrosion (Recipe 1 & 2) tests.
n: Valence number: Number of electrons exchanged per atom during oxidation.
F: Faraday constant (96485 C.mol-1)
ρ: Density of the material (g.cm-3)
Synergy Calculation
The total material loss (T) from the tribocorrosion test, the pure mechanical wear (W0) from dry or inert testing, and the pure corrosion loss (C0) from Tafel analysis are used to calculate the synergy term (S), which quantifies the interaction between wear and corrosion.
S=T−W0−C0
S represents the synergistic material loss arising from the interaction between mechanical wear and corrosion processes.
The result is specific to the OCP tribocorrosion test.
Anodic Tribocorrosion Test
⚠️
This test only applies to samples which have an anodic protection area (passive materials).
Help
How to Check if a Material Has an Anodic Protection Area:
Use a short potentiodynamic polarization scan of the sample in the intended electrolyte:
Start: at OCP, sweep anodically (e.g., OCP – 0.1 V → OCP + 1.0 V vs. reference).
Look for three regions:
Active region: current increases with potential.
Passive region: current drops sharply to a low, steady value ipass over a broad potential range.
Transpassive/pitting region: current rises again at Epit.
If a stable passive plateau exists between the active and transpassive regions, the material has an anodic protection (passive) zone.
The potentiostatic setpoint for the anodic test must lie inside that passive plateau, typically OCP + 100–300 mV, and below Epit.
Why active samples cannot be used:
Only materials with a stable passive film can sustain controlled anodic polarization without undergoing continuous dissolution.
If the sample is active (no passive window), applying OCP + mV will drive aggressive corrosion instead of stable tribocorrosion.
Example of active and passive materials:
Category
Typical Passive
Typically Active
Steels
Stainless steels (≥10.5 % Cr)
Carbon steels, low-alloy steels
Ni / Co Alloys
Ni-Cr alloys, Co-Cr-Mo, Inconel
Pure Ni (in Cl⁻) if film unstable
Light Metals
Al, Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb (strong oxide formers)
Mg, Zn, their alloys
Others
Passivated Cu, bronzes (mildly), Cr
Cast irons, active Cu in chloride media
Tafel Plot - Anodic Area determination
Open “Squidstat User Interface.exe”.
If prompted to update firmware → click “Postpone”
⚠️
Do not update Admiral Firmware if asked to. MFT software communication would be permanently lost by doing so.
Click on Linear Sweep Voltammetry
Change the Parameters to:
Select the Admiral Potentiostat.
Run the test
Plot:
log(I)=f(E)
Based on that curve, find a suitable point within the passive region (Oxidation) (OCP+ΔE where ΔE=[100;300]mV). It will be used for the anodic protection recipe.
OCP + 150mV typically works well for passive regime determination.
Cathodic Protection test
This recipe evaluates mechanical wear under suppressed corrosion to isolate W0.
Polish a new sample, clean sequentially with acetone, isopropanol, and deionized water, dry with compressed air, then mount it in the tribo-corrosion cell and fill with fresh electrolyte.
Create a new recipe.
Add a Standard step (OCP Stabilization)
Duration: 15-30 mins (or until drift < 1–2 mV/min)
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: None
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Conditioning)
Duration: 10-15 mins
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: OCP - 350mV OCP Value from Recipe 1
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive ON)
Duration: To be determined
Force: To be determined
Drive: Reciprocating Parameters to be determined
E-Test: OCP - 350mV OCP Value from Tafel Plot
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive OFF)
Duration: To be determined
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: OCP - 350mV OCP Value from Tafel Plot
Logging: Yes
Add a Loop/Delay
From:Drive ON Step
For: To be determined
Logging: No
In Data Logging
Sampling rate (Hz): max. Freq (Hz)*30
Averaging: 2.
Record: “weVoltage”, “Current” and other tribological parameters.
Open Rtec Insight and compare the weVoltage [E(t)] between the sliding and idle steps to determine:
Stability of cathodic protection during sliding (verify current remains constant and small).
Absence of hydrogen evolution: confirm no large current spikes or oscillations.
If current fluctuates strongly or hydrogen bubbles appear, reduce the applied cathodic offset (use OCP − 300 mV or OCP − 250 mV).
Take a profilometer image of the wear mark to determine W0. W0: Total material volume lost without corrosion influence.
Help
Determine Steps duration:
Focus on kinetics (how quickly the surface film breaks down and repassivates):
Drive ON 60–120 s, Drive OFF 180–300 s.
Focus on steady wear (long-term equilibrium behavior under sustained mechanical action):
Drive ON 180–300 s, Drive OFF 90–120 s.
Anodic Tribocorrosion test
Evaluates tribocorrosion behavior under controlled anodic polarization within the passive region.
Polish a new sample, clean sequentially with acetone, isopropanol, and deionized water, dry with compressed air, then mount it in the tribo-corrosion cell and fill with fresh electrolyte.
Create a new recipe.
Add a Standard step (OCP Stabilization)
Duration: 15-30 mins(or until potential drift < 1–2 mV/min)
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: None
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive ON)
Duration:Same as Drive ON in Cathodic Protection test.
Force:Same as Drive ON in Cathodic Protection test.
Drive: Reciprocating Same parameters as Drive ON in Cathodic Protection test.
E-Test: OCP + ΔE ΔE determined previously with the Tafel plot.
Logging: Yes
Add a Standard step (Drive OFF)
Duration:Same as Drive OFF in Cathodic Protection test.
Force: Undefined
Drive: None
E-Test: OCP + ΔE ΔE determined previously with the Tafel plot.
Logging: Yes
Add a loop
From:Drive ON Step
For:Same as Cathodic Protection test.
Logging: No
In Data Logging
Sampling rate (Hz): max. Freq (Hz)*30
Averaging: 2.
Record: “weVoltage”, “Current” and other tribological parameters.
Open Rtec Insight and compare the weVoltage [E(t)] between the sliding and idle steps to determine:
Potential Drop between no contact and sliding.
Recovery kinetics of repassivation. (see Help)
Take a profilometer image of the wear mark to determine T:
T = Total material volume (or mass) lost.
Help
Repassivation kinetics (τ) — how to compute:
Extract the repassivation time constant τ by fitting the weVoltage curve using:
E(t)=E∞−(E∞−Emin)∗exp(−t/τ)
E(t): Potential at time t after sliding stops. Emin: The lowest potential right when sliding stops (most active state).
E∞: The final potential after full recovery (steady passive state).
t: Time after sliding stops.
τ: Time constant (s); after t=τ, recovery ≈63% complete
Tafel Plot - W0 Calculation
Using the log(I)=f(E) plot obtained previously, you can determine C0 by using the following formula:
W0=(Icorr∗t∗M)/(n∗F∗ρ)
Where:
t: Time of exposure (s): Total sliding duration (Drive ON periods) for the tribo-corrosion (Recipe 1 & 2) tests.
n: Valence number: Number of electrons exchanged per atom during oxidation.
F: Faraday constant (96485 C.mol-1)
ρ: Density of the material (g.cm-3)
Synergy Calculation
The total material loss (T) from the tribocorrosion test, the pure mechanical wear (W0) from dry or inert testing, and the pure corrosion loss (C0) from Tafel analysis are used to calculate the synergy term (S), which quantifies the interaction between wear and corrosion.
S=T−W0−C0
S represents the synergistic material loss arising from the interaction between mechanical wear and corrosion processes.
The result is specific to the anodic tribocorrosion test.
Contact & Support
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